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Chemotherapy > Chemo drugs > Flashcards

Chemo drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Type: Cisplatin, carboplatin,oxaliplatin

A

alkylating agent

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2
Q

mechanism: cisplatin,carboplatin,oxaliplatin

A

Forms adenosine - guanine crosslinks

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3
Q

action: cisplatin,carboplatin,oxaliplatin

A

stop S phase

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4
Q

uses: cisplatin,carboplatin,oxaliplatin

A

Testicular and ovarian cancers

Sensitise cells to radiation therapy

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5
Q

Side Effects : cisplatin,carboplatin,oxaliplatin

A

Nephrotoxicity

Myelosuppression

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6
Q

Type: Methotrexate

A

Anti-metabolite

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7
Q

Mechanism: Methotrexate

A

Inhibits dyhydrofolate reductase –> no purine synthesis

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8
Q

action: Methotrexate

A

Stop S phase and nucleotide production.

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9
Q

uses: Methotrexate

A

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Choriosarcoma
Osteosarcoma
Burkitt’s lymphoma

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10
Q

Side effects: Methotrexate

A

Resistance : decreased transport

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11
Q

type: 5’Fluorouracil

A

anti-metabolite

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12
Q

mechanism: 5’Fluorouracil

A

5FU - phosphorus to ntd –> inhibit thymidylate synthase –> purine synthesis inhibited

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13
Q

action: 5’Fluorouracil

A

Stop S phase and nucleotide production.

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14
Q

uses: 5’Fluorouracil

A

Metastatic breast cancer, ovarian, prostate, pancreatic and hepatic.

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15
Q

side effects:5’Fluorouracil

A

resistance

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16
Q

type: cytarabine

A

anti-metabolite

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17
Q

mechanism: cytarabine

A

cytosine analogue - no OH - chain termination

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18
Q

action: cytarabine

A

stop S phase

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19
Q

uses: cytarabine

A

Remission in acute meylocytic leukaemia

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20
Q

side effects: cytarabine

A

Cerebral damage

Resistance

21
Q

type: doxorubicin, actinomycin

A

cytotoxic antibiotics

22
Q

mechanismL doxorubicin, actinomycin

A

inhibit topoisomerase III –> no unwinding of DNA

23
Q

action: doxorubicin, actinomycin

A

no dna replication

24
Q

uses: doxorubicin, actinomycin

A

acute leukaemia
malignant lymphomas
breast cancer

25
Q

side effects: doxorubicin, actinomycin

A

resistance

cardiotoxicity

26
Q

type: dactinomycin

A

cytotoxic antibiotics

27
Q

mechanism: dactinomycin

A

inserts into minor groove of DNA –> interferes with RNA polymerase = no transciption

28
Q

action: dactinomycin

A

inhibition of replication

29
Q

uses: dactinomycin

A

combo therapy

30
Q

side effects: dactinomycin

31
Q

type: bleomycin

A

cytotoxic antibiotics

32
Q

mechanism: bleomycin

A

inserts into major groove of DNA –> breaks phosphate backbone –> makes superoxides and breaks DNA

33
Q

actions: bleomycin

A

inhibit DNA replication

34
Q

uses: bleomycin

A

Testicular cancer

Ovarian cancer

35
Q

side effects: bleomycin

A

Pulmonary fibrosis

36
Q

type: vincristine, vinblastine

A

plant alkaloid - vinca alkaloid

37
Q

mechanism: vincristine, vinblastine

A

Acts on microtubule assembly
no polymerisation
no spindle formation

38
Q

action: vincristine, vinblastine

A

stop mitosis

39
Q

uses: vincristine, vinblastine

A

childhood leukaemia
Hodgkin’s and non Hodgkins
Testicular and ovarian
vinblastine: curative for metastatic TESTICULAR cancer

40
Q

side effects: vincristine, vinblastine

A

neurotoxicity

41
Q

type: L-asparaginase

42
Q

mechanism: L-asparaginase

A

Asparaginine essential amino acid in highly metabolic cell –> broken down –> cell die

43
Q

action: L-asparaginase

A

cell death

44
Q

side effects: L-asparaginase

45
Q

type: imatinib

A

tyrosine kinase inhibitor

46
Q

mechanism: imatinib

47
Q

uses: imatinib

A

BCR-ABL positive tumour

CML

48
Q

mechanism: bortezomib

A

inhibit NF-kB

49
Q

uses: bortezomib

A

multiple myeloma

Chemotherapy (1 decks)

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