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Biology > Chemistry Year 10 Mocks Neutralisation > Flashcards

Chemistry Year 10 Mocks Neutralisation Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the pH for acids

A

Lower than 7

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2
Q

What is the pH for alkalis

A

Greater than 7

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3
Q

What’s the definition of neutralisation

A

When an acid reacts with an alkali to form salt and water.

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4
Q

When we use the following acids name the salt that is formed
Hydrochloric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Nitric Acid

A

Chloride
Sulfate
Nitrate

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5
Q

Are the following hydroxides and oxides a base of an alkali
Sodium hydroxide
Calcium oxide
Magnesium hydroxide
Lithium oxide
Copper oxide

A

Sodium hydroxide - a base and an alkali
Calcium oxide - a base
Magnesium hydroxide - a base and an alkali
Lithium oxide - a base
Copper oxide - a base

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6
Q

What is the first form of neutralisation in everyday life

A

Brushing your teeth - using toothpaste helps to neutralises the acid and prevents tooth decay as it’s an alkaline

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7
Q

What is the second form of neutralisation in everyday life

A

Treating bee stings - bee stings are acidic and can be treated using an alkaline, e.g. Baking powder

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8
Q

What is the third form of neutralisation in everyday life

A

Treating wasp stings - they are alkaline, so vinegar can cure them as it is acidic

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9
Q

What is the fourth form of neutralisation in everyday life

A

Acidic soil - plants don’t grow well in acidic soil, we treat this soil with like fertilisers e.g. Limestone to neutralise it

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10
Q

Acid + metal —>

A

Salt + hydrogen

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11
Q

Acid + alkali —>

A

Salt + water

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12
Q

Acid + base —>

A

Salt + water

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13
Q

Calcium carbonate would form what salt in hydrochloric acid
sulfuric acid
nitric acid

A

Calcium chloride
Calcium sulfate
Calcium nitrate

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14
Q

Sodium hydroxide would form what salt in hydrochloric acid
sulfuric acid
nitric acid

A

Sodium chloride
Sodium sulfate
Sodium nitrate

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15
Q

Magnesium would form what salt in hydrochloric acid
sulfuric acid
nitric acid

A

Magnesium chloride
Magnesium sulfate
Magnesium nitrate

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16
Q

Potassium hydroxide + sulfuric acid —>

A

Potassium sulfate + water

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17
Q

Hydrochloric acid + sodium oxide

A

Sodium chloride + water

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18
Q

Sulfuric acid + copper carbonate —>

A

Copper sulfate + water + carbon dioxide

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19
Q

Nitric acid + zinc —>

A

Hydrogen + zinc nitrate

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20
Q

Copper oxide + sulfuric acid —>

A

copper sulfate + water

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21
Q

Sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid —>

A

Sodium chloride + water

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22
Q

What is the symbolised equation for sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid —> sodium chloride + water

A

Na OH + HCI —> NaLI + H2O

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23
Q

What type of chemical is copper oxide

A

Base

24
Q

Iron carbonate + nitric acid —>

A

Iron nitrate + water + carbon dioxide

25
Q

Iron + hydrochloric acid —>

A

Iron chloride + hydrogen

26
Q

………………+………………—-> copper sulfate + water + carbon dioxide

A

………………+………………—-> copper sulfate + water + carbon dioxide

27
Q

Hydrochloric acid +…………..—> lead chloride +…….

A

Hydrochloric acid + lead hydroxide —> lead chloride + water

28
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction

A

A neutralisation reaction is where an acid reacts with an alkali to produce a neutral solution of a salt and water.

Acid + alkali —–> salt + water

29
Q

What is he definition of an Alkali

A

Alkalis are soluble metal hydroxides e.g. sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide

30
Q

Give an example of a neutralisation reaction

A

hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide → sodium chloride + water

31
Q

The name of a salt has two parts, where do they come from

A

The first part comes from the metal found in the alkali.

The second part comes from the acid used to make the salt.

32
Q

What is a base

A

Bases are substances that react with acids and neutralise them

Acid + base —> salt + water

33
Q

What materials are usually bases

A

Metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates or metal hydrogen carbonates

34
Q

Many bases are what

A

Insoluble - they do not dissolve in water

35
Q

If a base dissolves in water we call it a what

A

An alkali

36
Q

Is copper oxide a base or an alkali, explain your answer

A

Copper oxide is a base because it will react with acids and neutralise them, but it is not an alkali because it does not dissolve in water.

37
Q

Is sodium hydroxide a base or an alkali, explain your answer

A

Sodium hydroxide is a base because it will react with acids and neutralise them. It’s also an alkali because it dissolves in water.

38
Q

What types of alkalis are bases

A

All alkalis are bases, but only soluble bases are alkalis. Therefore an alkali and a base both react with acid to give a salt and water

39
Q

An acid reacts with a metal to form what

A

A salt and hydrogen

40
Q

Give an example of a reaction between acid and metal

A

Magnesium + hydrochloride acid —> magnesium chloride + hydrogen

41
Q

Metal carbonates react with acids to form what

A

A salt, water and carbon dioxide

42
Q

Reaction of acid and metal carbonate:

Acid + metal carbonate —>

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

43
Q

Give an example of a exactions between a metal carbonate and acid:
Hydrochloric acid + calcium carbonate —>

A

Calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide

44
Q

What is an indicator

A

An indicator is a substance or mixture of substances that when added to the solution gives a different colour depending on the pH of the solution.

45
Q

What is universal indicator

A

Universal indicator is a mixture of several different indicators. Unlike litmus, universal indicator can show us exactly how strongly acidic or alkaline a solution is. This is measured using the pH scale.

46
Q

What is indigestion

A

Indigestion, also known as dyspepsia, is pain or discomfort in your chest or stomach.

47
Q

When do people usually experience indigestion

A

Soon after eating or drinking.

48
Q

What are some symptoms of indigestion

A

Feeling full or bloated
Heartburn
Nausea (feeling sick)
Belching

49
Q

Indigestion is a common what

A

Indigestion is a common problem that affects many people, but in most cases it is mild and only occurs occasionally.

50
Q

How is indigestion caused//why does it happen

A

Indigestion is caused by stomach acid coming into contact with the sensitive, protective lining of the digestive system. The stomach acid breaks down the lining, leading to irritation and inflammation.

51
Q

Explain treating indigestion at home

A

You may be able to treat your indigestion with changes to your diet and lifestyle, or with a number of different medications, such as antacids.

52
Q

What is heartburn caused by

A

When the acid from the stomach acid and contents rise into the oesophagus

53
Q

What is the definition of a hypothesis

A

A prediction of what you think is going to happen in the reaction

54
Q

What is the definition of an independent variable

A

What you are going to change

55
Q

What is the definition of a dependent variable

A

What you are going to measure

56
Q

What is the definition of a controlled variable

A

What you will keep the same

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