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First Quarter Midterms > Chemistry - vocabulary > Flashcards

Chemistry - vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Accuracy

A

agreement with a particular value with the true value

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2
Q

Precision

A

degree of agreement among several measurements (relatively close to one another)

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3
Q

Extensive Properties

A

physical properties that depend on the quantity of matter (volume and mass)

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4
Q

Intensive Properties

A

Independent of the quality of matter (density and temperature)

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5
Q

Density

A

the measure of how compact a substance is (g/m^3)

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6
Q

Matter

A

anything that occupies space

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7
Q

Physical Change

A

change in the form of a substance, not in chemical composition (filtration)

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8
Q

Chemical Change

A

change in the form of a substance, different properties and different composition (oxidation and burning)

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9
Q

Energy Units

A

J or (kg × m^2 )/ s^2

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10
Q

Atomic Number

A

number of protons, electrons, and sometimes neutrons

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11
Q

Isotopes

A

same number of protons, same number of electrons, different number of neutrons

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12
Q

Atomic Mass

A

AMU, weighted average of all the isotopes. 1 amu = the mass of a proton or a neutron

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13
Q

Avagadros Number

A

6.022E23

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14
Q

Empirical Formula

A

simplest ratio of atoms

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15
Q

Molecular Formula

A

actual number of atoms

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16
Q

Electromagnetic Radiation

A

electric waves and magnetic waves (travel perpendicular to each other)

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17
Q

Wavelength (λ)

A

distance between two peaks or troughs in a wave

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18
Q

Frequency (v)

A

number of waves (cycles) per second that pass a given point in space (1/s or Hz)

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19
Q

Amplitude (A)

A

the distance from rest to crest

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20
Q

Visible Light Spectrum

A

4E-7 to 7E-7

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21
Q

Shortest Wavelength?

A

gamma rays

22
Q

Longest wavelength?

A

radio waves

23
Q

Planks constant

A

6.626E-34 J × s

24
Q

Continuous Spectrum

A

occurs when white light is passed through a prism, contains all the wavelengths of visible light

25
Q

Line Spectrum

A

occurs when one specific atom is stimulated, each line corresponds to a discrete wavelength (series of lines separated by black)

26
Q

How do spectrums occur?

A

absorbed energy causes the electron to jump to a higher energy level, when the electron returns to its original level the absorbed energy is released as photons with a wavelength associated with that energy, that is what we view as line spectrum

27
Q

The Bohr Model only works for which element?

A

hydrogen

28
Q

The closer the electron is to the nucleus the easier or harder it is to remove?

A

Harder

29
Q

Rydberg constant

A

1.09737316E7 1/m

30
Q

Electrons behave as what kind of waves?

A

Standing waves

31
Q

T or F: energy is described as a wave

A

T

32
Q

T or F: energy does not have mass

A

F

33
Q

Energy can only be gained or lost in integer multiple of …?

A

hv

34
Q

T or F: energy has wave characteristics AND particular properties

A

T

35
Q

Is intensity or frequency of light responsible for carrying the energy necessary for dislodging electrons?

A

Frequency

36
Q

What color light can remove electrons from the metal’s surface?

A

Blue light will dislodge the electrons

37
Q

hv0 is?

A

the minimum energy required to eject an electron (work function)

38
Q

Excess energy required to eject an electron goes into what?

A

The kinetic energy of the ejected electrons

39
Q

T or F: particle’s have wave properties?

A

T

40
Q

Wave functions are called …?

A

Orbitals

41
Q

n

A

energy level

42
Q

ℓ

A

sublevel (s = 0, p = 1, d = 2, f = 3)

43
Q

mℓ

A

orbital (s has one orbital) (p has 3 orbitals) (d has 5 orbitals)

44
Q

ms

A

electron spin

45
Q

Up Arrow

A

+1/2

46
Q

Down Arrow

A

-1/2

47
Q

Degenerate Orbitals

A

Orbitals that have the same energy level

48
Q

Nodes

A

spaces where electrons cannot be located

49
Q

T or F: two electrons in one orbital can have the same spins

A

F - must have opposite spins

50
Q

Order of preferred orbitals

A

s -> p -> d -> f

51
Q

Prefer going to next _ before going to _

A

Prefer going to next S before going to D

52
Q

The lowest energy configuration of an atom is the one having the maximum number of …?

A

unpaired electrons as allowed in a particular set of degenerate orbitals

First Quarter Midterms (4 decks)

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