Chemistry Vocab Flashcards
Atom
Make up all of matter, include the components protons, neutrons, and electrons
Proton
Particles in an atom that have a positive charge
Electron
Particles in an atom that have a negative charge
Neutron
Particles in an atom that are neutral or have no charge
Valence Electron
Electrons that are on the outermost energy level, or electron cloud
Period
Horizontal rows, indicate how many occupied energy levels are in the atoms
Groups
Vertical columns, show elements with similar properties. Elements in groups have same number of valence electrons
Periodic Table of Elements
All elements arranged in period and groups
Subscript
Identifies the number of atoms of an element in ONE molecule
Single Bond
Involves 2 elements, and two electrons. Straight bond
Double Bond
Involves 2 elements, and four electrons involved. Curved bond
Triple Bond
Involves 2 elements, and six electrons involved. Curved bond (Only Boron, Nitrogen, Carbon can form triple bonds).
Ionic Bond
Oppositely charged ions attracted to each other (almost always metalnonmetal)
Covalent Bond
Sharing of electrons between (almost always) non-metal and non-metal
Dmitri Mendeleev
Russian scientist, discovered pattern in the properties of the elements. Arranged elements in order of increasing atomic mass. Published first periodic table
