Chemistry Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

Atom

A

Make up all of matter, include the components protons, neutrons, and electrons

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2
Q

Proton

A

Particles in an atom that have a positive charge

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3
Q

Electron

A

Particles in an atom that have a negative charge

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4
Q

Neutron

A

Particles in an atom that are neutral or have no charge

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5
Q

Valence Electron

A

Electrons that are on the outermost energy level, or electron cloud

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6
Q

Period

A

Horizontal rows, indicate how many occupied energy levels are in the atoms

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7
Q

Groups

A

Vertical columns, show elements with similar properties. Elements in groups have same number of valence electrons

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8
Q

Periodic Table of Elements

A

All elements arranged in period and groups

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9
Q

Subscript

A

Identifies the number of atoms of an element in ONE molecule

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10
Q

Single Bond

A

Involves 2 elements, and two electrons. Straight bond

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11
Q

Double Bond

A

Involves 2 elements, and four electrons involved. Curved bond

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12
Q

Triple Bond

A

Involves 2 elements, and six electrons involved. Curved bond (Only Boron, Nitrogen, Carbon can form triple bonds).

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13
Q

Ionic Bond

A

Oppositely charged ions attracted to each other (almost always metalnonmetal)

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14
Q

Covalent Bond

A

Sharing of electrons between (almost always) non-metal and non-metal

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15
Q

Dmitri Mendeleev

A

Russian scientist, discovered pattern in the properties of the elements. Arranged elements in order of increasing atomic mass. Published first periodic table

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16
Q

Solid

A

Holds shape, fixed volume

17
Q

Liquid

A

Shape of container, free surface, fixed volume

18
Q

Gas

A

Shape of container, volume of container

19
Q

Kinetic Theory

A

Increase in energy will cause a solid to change to a liquid and a liquid to change to a gas. Energy is related to the changing states of matter.