Chemistry Unit Flashcards
Cation
Forms when atoms lose elections
Anion
Forms when atoms gain electrons
For Covalent naming, what name can never be used on the first element?
Mono- (meaning one)
Chemical Reaction
The process in which new substances with new properties are formed
Whats the Symbol for Solid, Gas, Liquid, and Aqueous solution?
(S), (G), (L), (AQ)
What are the Diatomic and their function?
They can never be alone, they must have a 2 when they are not paired with another element.
I2, BR2, CL2, F2, O2, N2, H2
Synthesis Reaction
A + B = AB
Decomposition Reaction
AB = A + B
Combustion Reaction
Products contain carbon atom and water
Complete Combustion
Occurs when the conditions are ideal for the minimum amount of oxygen to react.
Ex. CH4 + 2O2 = CO2 + 2H2O
Incomplete Combustion
Occurs when there is less than the maximum amount of oxygen to react.
*anything that does not form CO2 and H2O
Single Displacement
One element knocking off another….
-Metal knock off metal and non-metal knock off non-metal
Activity Series is used for…?
Single Displacement: High must knock off low or else its no reaction!
Double Displacement
Both elements knocking off each other to switch the equation.
What do you use to predict states?
Solubility Chart
Soluble
AQ Solution
Insoluble
Solid
Acid
A substance that release H+ ions when dissolved in an aq solution.
Base
A substance that released OH- ions when dissolved in an aq solution.
Binary Acid
Hydrogen + Non-metal
Oxyacids
Hydrogen + polyatomic ion
Naming for Binary Acids
- Name non-metal
- Add prefix hydro
- Change ending to -ic acid
Formula for Binary Acid
- Non-metal element and ionic charge
- Combine it with hydrogen (H goes first)
- Add (aq) to formula
Naming and Formula for Oxyacids
Same thing but don’t use the prefix hydro!
