Chemistry: Unit 2 flashcards

Question 1

Chemistry

Answer 1

the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed

Question 2

Matter

Answer 2

physical substance in general, as distinct from mind and spirit

Question 3

Extensive Properties

Answer 3

a physical property of a system that does not depend on the system size or the amount of material in the system.

Question 4

Intensive Properties

Answer 4

a physical property of a system that does not depend on the system size or the amount of material in the system

Question 5

Mass

Answer 5

a coherent, typically large body of matter with no definite shape

Question 6

Volume

Answer 6

the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container, especially when great.

Question 7

Physical Property

Answer 7

any property that is measurable, whose value describes a state of a physical system.

Question 8

Physical Change

Answer 8

changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition.

Question 9

Chemical Property

Answer 9

a property or characteristic of a substance that is observed during a reaction in which the chemical composition or identity of the substance is changed

Question 10

Chemical Change

Answer 10

usually irreversible chemical reaction involving the rearrangement of the atoms of one or more substances and a change in their chemical properties or composition

Question 11

Phase (Phase of Matter)

Answer 11

matter can exist: as a solid, liquid, or gas. When temperature changes, matter can undergo a phase change, shifting from one form to another.

Question 12

Solid

Answer 12

firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid.

Question 13

Liquid

Answer 13

a substance that flows freely but is of constant volume, having a consistency like that of water or oil.

Question 14

Gas

Answer 14

an airlike fluid substance which expands freely to fill any space available, irrespective of its quantity.

Question 15

Freezing

Answer 15

below 32°F (0°C).

Question 16

Melting

Answer 16

make or become liquefied by heat.

Question 17

Vaporization

Answer 17

an element or compound is a phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor.

Question 18

Condensation

Answer 18

the conversion of a vapor or gas to a liquid.

Question 19

Sublimation

Answer 19

When anything solid turns into a gas without first becoming liquid

Question 20

Deposition

Answer 20

the action of deposing someone, especially a monarch.

Question 21

Substance (Pure Substance)

Answer 21

as substances that are made of only one type of atom or molecule.

Question 22

Element

Answer 22

each of more than one hundred substances that cannot be chemically interconverted or broken down into simpler substances and are primary constituents of matter.

Question 23

Chemical Symbol

Answer 23

an abbreviation or short representation of a chemical element

Question 24

Compound

Answer 24

a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.

Question 25

Mixture

Answer 25

a substance made by mixing other substances together.

Question 26

Homogeneous Mixture

Answer 26

simply any mixture that is uniform in composition throughout.

Question 27

Solution

Answer 27

a liquid mixture in which the minor component is uniformly distributed within the major component

Question 28

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 28

A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances in which the original substances retain their chemical properties.

Question 29

Filtration

Answer 29

the action or process of filtering something.

Question 30

Distillation

Answer 30

the action of purifying a liquid by a process of heating and cooling.

Question 31

Chemical Reaction

Answer 31

a process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance, as opposed to a change in physical form or a nuclear reaction.

Question 32

Reactant

Answer 32

a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.

Question 33

Product

Answer 33

a substance produced during a natural, chemical, or manufacturing process.

Question 34

Precipitate

Answer 34

cause to happen suddenly, unexpectedly, or prematurely.

Question 35

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 35

the principle that in any closed system subjected to no external forces, the mass is constant irrespective of its changes in form; the principle that matter cannot be created or destroyed.