chemistry: unit 2 Flashcards
chemistry
study of the composition of matter and the change es that matter undergoes
matter
anything that has mass and occupies space
extensive properties
a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample
intensive properties
a property that depends on the type of matter in a sample not the amount of matter
mass
a measure of the amount of matter that an object contains. the SI base unit of mass is the kilogram
volume
a measure of the space occupied by a sample of matter
physical property
a quality of condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substances composition
physical change
a change during which some properties of material change but the composition of the materials does not change
chemical property
the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change
chemical change
a change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter
phase (phase of matter)
any part of a sample with uniform composition and properties
solid
a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume
liquid
a form of matter that flows has a fixed volume and an indefinite shape
gas
a form of matter that takes the shape and volume of its container. no shape or volume
freezing
the difference in temperature between the freezing point of a solution and the freezing point of the pure soluent
melting
temperature at which a substance changes from solid to a liquid. melting point of water is 0c
vaporization
conversion of a liquid to a gas or a vapor
sublimation
process in which a solid changes to a gas or vapor without passing through the liquid state
substance (pure substance)
matter that has a uniform and definite composition. either a element or compound pure substance
element
simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties. cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
chemical symbol
a one-or two-letter representation of an element
compound
substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion
mixture
a physical blend or two or more substances that are not chemically combined
homogenous mixture
mixture that is in uniform in composition.components are evenly distributed and not easily distinguished
solution
a homogenous mixture consist of solutes dissolved in a solvent
heterogenous mixture
mixture that is not in uniform in composition. components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture
