Chemistry: Unit 2

Question 1

Chemistry

Answer 1

the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed; the investigation of their properties and the ways in which they interact, combine, and change; and the use of these processes to form new substances.

Question 2

Matter

Answer 2

anything that takes up space.

Question 3

Extensive Properties

Answer 3

is a property of matter that changes as the amount of matter changes.

Question 4

Intensive Properties

Answer 4

is a property of matter that depends only on the type of matter in a sample and not on the amount.

Question 5

Mass

Answer 5

is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.

Question 6

Volume

Answer 6

is the quantity of three-dimensional space occupied by a liquid, solid, or gas.

Question 7

Physical Property

Answer 7

is any property that is measurable, whose value describes a state of a physical system.

Question 8

Physical Change

Answer 8

are changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition.

Question 9

Chemical Property

Answer 9

a property or characteristic of a substance that is observed during a reaction in which the chemical composition or identity of the substance is changed.

Question 10

Chemical Change

Answer 10

a usually irreversible chemical reaction involving the rearrangement of the atoms of one or more substances and a change in their chemical properties or composition, resulting in the formation of at least one new substance.

Question 11

Phase (Phase of Matter)

Answer 11

the states in which matter can exist: as a solid, liquid, or gas

Question 12

Solid

Answer 12

is a state of matter characterized by particles arranged such that their shape and volume are relatively stable.

Question 13

Liquid

Answer 13

a substance that flows freely but is of constant volume, having a consistency like that of water or oil.

Question 14

Gas

Answer 14

an airlike fluid substance which expands freely to fill any space available, irrespective of its quantity.

Question 15

Freezing

Answer 15

the process through which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid.

Question 16

Melting

Answer 16

make or become liquefied by heat.

Question 17

Vaporization

Answer 17

a phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor.

Question 18

Condensation

Answer 18

the process of a substance in a gaseous state transforming into a liquid state.

Question 19

Sublimation

Answer 19

a type of phase transition, or a change in a state of matter, just like melting, freezing, and evaporation.

Question 20

Deposition

Answer 20

the direct solidification of a vapor by cooling; the reverse of sublimation.

Question 21

Substance (Pure Substance)

Answer 21

substances that are made of only one type of atom or only one type of molecule.

Question 22

Element

Answer 22

a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

Question 23

Chemical Symbol

Answer 23

an abbreviation or short representation of a chemical element.

Question 24

Compound

Answer 24

is a substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together.

Question 25

Mixture

Answer 25

a combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties.

Question 26

Homogeneous Mixture

Answer 26

any combination of substances that has uniform composition and properties.

Question 27

Solution

Answer 27

a solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.

Question 28

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 28

a mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances in which the original substances retain their chemical properties.

Question 29

Filtration

Answer 29

any of various mechanical, physical or biological operations that separate solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by adding a medium through which only the fluid can pass.

Question 30

Distillation

Answer 30

the separating of the constituents of a liquid by boiling it and then condensing the vapor that results.

Question 31

Chemical Reaction

Answer 31

a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products.

Question 32

Reactant

Answer 32

a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.

Question 33

Product

Answer 33

is a substance that is formed as the result of a chemical reaction.

Question 34

Precipitate

Answer 34

cause (a substance) to be deposited in solid form from a solution.

Question 35

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 35

in a closed or isolated system, matter cannot be created or destroyed.