chemistry unit 2

Question 1

chemistry

Answer 1

science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed

Question 2

matter

Answer 2

physical substance

Question 3

extensive properties

Answer 3

mass and volume, depend on the amount of matter being measured

Question 4

intensive property

Answer 4

density and color, do not depend on the amount of the substance present.

Question 5

mass

Answer 5

measure the amount of matter in an object.

Question 6

volume

Answer 6

the quantity of three-dimensional space occupied by a liquid, solid, or gas

Question 7

physical property

Answer 7

are: color, smell, freezing point, boiling point, melting point,

Question 8

physical change

Answer 8

include changing the color, shape, state of matter, or volume of a substance.

Question 9

chemical property

Answer 9

a substance that is observed during a reaction in which the chemical composition or identity of the substance is changed

Question 10

chemical change

Answer 10

involving the rearrangement of the atoms of one or more substances and a change in their chemical properties or composition, resulting in the formation of at least one new substance

Question 11

phase (phase of matter)

Answer 11

The states in which matter can exist: as a solid, liquid, or gas.

Question 12

solid

Answer 12

a state of matter characterized by particles arranged such that their shape and volume are relatively stable

Question 13

liquid

Answer 13

is one state of matter that has no definite shape but it does have definite volume

Question 14

gas

Answer 14

one of the phases of matter. The atoms or molecules in gases are more widely spaced than in solids or liquids

Question 15

freezing

Answer 15

process through which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid.

Question 16

melting

Answer 16

physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a solid to a liquid

Question 17

vaporization

Answer 17

element is converted from a liquid or a solid to a gas.

Question 18

condensation

Answer 18

process of a substance in a gaseous state transforming into a liquid state

Question 19

sublimation

Answer 19

a substance changes from a solid to a gas without ever passing through a liquid phase.

Question 20

deposition

Answer 20

a process where a gas changes phase and turns directly in solid without passing through the liquid phase

Question 21

pure substance

Answer 21

are made of only one type of atom or only one type of molecule

Question 22

element

Answer 22

is composed of atoms that have the same atomic number, that is, each atom has the same number of protons in its nucleus as all other atoms

Question 23

chemical symbol

Answer 23

formed by elements that bond together

Question 24

compound

Answer 24

a substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together.

Question 25

mixture

Answer 25

Any substance that has a uniform and unchanging composition is considered to be pure.

Question 26

homogeneous mixture

Answer 26

substances and mixtures which are in a single phase

Question 27

solution

Answer 27

a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances

Question 28

heterogeneous mixture

Answer 28

a combination of two or more pure substances in which the original substances retain their chemical properties

Question 29

filtration

Answer 29

any of various mechanical, physical or biological operations that separate solids from fluids by adding a medium through which only the fluid can pass

Question 30

distillation

Answer 30

the separating of the constituents of a liquid by boiling it and then condensing the vapor that results

Question 31

chemical reaction

Answer 31

a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products

Question 32

reactant

Answer 32

a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.

Question 33

product

Answer 33

are the species formed from chemical reactions

Question 34

precipitate

Answer 34

to happen suddenly

Question 35

law of conservation of mass

Answer 35

is neither created nor destroyed. In a closed system, mass of reactants is equal to mass of products