Chemistry Unit 2

Question 1

Chemistry

Answer 1

the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed; the investigation of their properties and the ways in which they interact, combine, and change; and the use of these processes to form new substances.

Question 2

Matter

Answer 2

physical substance in general, as distinct from mind and spirit; (in physics) that which occupies space and possesses rest mass, especially as distinct from energy.

Question 3

Extensive Properties

Answer 3

that it is a physical property of a system that does not depend on the system size or the amount of material in the system.

Question 4

Intensive Properties

Answer 4

that it is a physical property of a system that does not depend on the system size or the amount of material in the system.

Question 5

Mass

Answer 5

is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.

Question 6

volume

Answer 6

is the quantity of three-dimensional space occupied by a liquid, solid, or gas.

Question 7

Physical Property

Answer 7

that do change tha chemical nature of matter.

Question 8

Physical Change

Answer 8

Any change that occurs without altering the chemical composition of a substance is a physical change. Physical changes can include changing the color, shape, state of matter, or volume of a substance.

Question 9

Chemical Property

Answer 9

characteristic of a substance that is observed during a reaction in which the chemical composition or identity of the substance is changed

Question 10

Chemical Change

Answer 10

involving the rearrangement of the atoms of one or more substances and a change in their chemical properties or composition, resulting in the formation of at least one new substance:

Question 11

Phase (Phase of Matter)

Answer 11

The states in which matter can exist: as a solid, liquid, or gas

Question 12

Solid

Answer 12

is a state of matter characterized by particles arranged such that their shape and volume are relatively stable.

Question 13

Liquid

Answer 13

is one of the states of matter.

Question 14

gas

Answer 14

One of four main states of matter, composed of molecules in constant random motion

Question 15

Freezing

Answer 15

The process through which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid.

Question 16

Melting

Answer 16

is a physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a solid to a liquid.

Question 17

Vaporization

Answer 17

compound is a phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor.

Question 18

Condensation

Answer 18

is the process of a substance in a gaseous state transforming into a liquid state

Question 19

Sublimation

Answer 19

is a type of phase transition, or a change in a state of matter, just like melting, freezing, and evaporation.

Question 20

Deposition

Answer 20

The direct solidification of a vapor by cooling; the reverse of sublimation

Question 21

Substance (Pure Substance)

Answer 21

is a very simple concept to grasp.

Question 22

Element

Answer 22

is composed of atoms that have the same atomic number, that is, each atom has the same number of protons in its nucleus as all other atoms of that element.

Question 23

Chemical Symbol

Answer 23

short representation of a chemical element

Question 24

Compound

Answer 24

is a substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together

Question 25

Mixture

Answer 25

Any substance that has a uniform and unchanging composition is considered to be pure

Question 26

Homogeneous Mixture

Answer 26

In physical chemistry and materials science that refers to substances and mixtures which are in a single phase

Question 27

Solution

Answer 27

is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances

Question 28

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 28

is a combination of two or more pure substances in which the original substances retain their chemical properties.

Question 29

Filtration

Answer 29

is any of various mechanical, physical or biological operations that separate solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by adding a medium through which only the fluid can pass.

Question 30

Distillation

Answer 30

can be used to purify water or other substances, or to remove one component from a complex mixture, as when gasoline is distilled from crude oil or alcohol from a mash.

Question 31

Chemical Reaction

Answer 31

a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products.

Question 32

Reactant

Answer 32

a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.

Question 33

products

Answer 33

are the species formed from chemical reactions.

Question 34

Precipitate

Answer 34

cause (an event or situation, typically one that is bad or undesirable) to happen suddenly, unexpectedly, or prematurely.

Question 35

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 35

states that mass in an isolated system is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations.