Chemistry: Unit 2

Question 1

Chemistry

Answer 1

the science that deals with the composition and properties of substances and various elementary forms of matter.

Question 2

Matter

Answer 2

The matter is everything around you. Atoms and molecules are all composed of matter. The matter is defined as anything that has mass and takes up space.

Question 3

Extensive properties

Answer 3

Any characteristic of matter that depends on the amount of matter being measured.

Question 4

Intensive properties

Answer 4

Any characteristic of matter that does not depend on the amount of the substance present.

Question 5

Mass

Answer 5

Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object. Mass is usually measured in grams (g) or kilograms (kg).

Question 6

Volume

Answer 6

Volume measures size in three dimensions just as length measures size in one dimension and area measures size in two dimensions.

Question 7

Physical property

Answer 7

Any characteristic that can be determined without changing the substance’s chemical identity.

Question 8

Physical change

Answer 8

A physical change is a type of change in which the form of matter is altered but one substance is not transformed into another. The size or shape of matter may be changed, but no chemical reaction occurs.

Question 9

Chemical property

Answer 9

Any characteristic that can be determined only by changing a substance’s molecular structure.

Question 10

Chemical change

Answer 10

A chemical change is a process where one or more substances are altered into one or more new and different substances

Question 11

Phase (Phase of Matter)

Answer 11

A phase of matter is characterized by having relatively uniform chemical and physical properties

Question 12

Solid

Answer 12

A solid has a definite shape and volume.

Examples of solids include ice (solid water), a bar of steel, and dry ice (solid carbon dioxide).

Question 13

Liquid

Answer 13

liquid has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container.
Examples of liquids include water and oil.

Question 14

Gas

Answer 14

A gas has neither a definite volume nor a definite shape.

Examples of gasses are air, oxygen, and helium.

Question 15

Freezing

Answer 15

The process through which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid. All liquids except helium undergo freezing when the temperature becomes sufficiently cold

Question 16

Melting

Answer 16

is a physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a solid to a liquid. This occurs when the internal energy of the solid increases, typically by the application of heat or pressure, which increases the substance’s temperature to the melting point.

Question 17

Vaporization

Answer 17

an element or compound is a phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor. There are two types of vaporization: evaporation and boiling.

Question 18

Condensation

Answer 18

an element or compound is a phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor. There are two types of vaporization: evaporation and boiling.

Question 19

Sublimation

Answer 19

a type of phase transition, or a change in a state of matter, just like melting, freezing, and evaporation

Question 20

Deposition

Answer 20

a process where a gas changes phase and turns directly in solid without passing through the liquid phase

Question 21

Substance (Pure Substance)

Answer 21

substances that are made of only one type of atom or only one type of molecule (a group of atoms bonded together)

Question 22

Element

Answer 22

substances that are made of only one type of atom or only one type of molecule (a group of atoms bonded together)

Question 23

Chemical symbol

Answer 23

substances that are made of only one type of atom or only one type of molecule (a group of atoms bonded together)

Question 24

Compound

Answer 24

a substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together

Question 25

Mixture

Answer 25

a combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties

Question 26

Homogeneous Mixture

Answer 26

a combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties

Question 27

Solution

Answer 27

a combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties

Question 28

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 28

mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances in which the original substances retain their chemical properties. In some mixtures, the initial substances cannot be detected after they have been mixed

Question 29

Filtration

Answer 29

various mechanical, physical or biological operations that separate solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by adding a medium through which only the fluid can pass

Question 30

Distillation

Answer 30

technique of heating a liquid to create vapor which is collected when cooled separate from the original liquid

Question 31

Chemical reaction

Answer 31

a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products

Question 32

Reactant

Answer 32

a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.

Question 33

Product

Answer 33

a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.

Question 34

Precipitate

Answer 34

cause (a substance) to be deposited in solid form from a solution.

Question 35

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 35

states that mass in an isolated system is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations