Chemistry Unit Flashcards
What is the law of conservation of mass?
The law of conservation of mass is a law that applies when creating new substances. It implies that mass can neither be created nor destroyed when creating new compounds.
Element family of non-reactive, inert gases:
Noble gases
The outcome of combining an acid and a base:
Neutralization
Burning these products produces carbon dioxide and contributes to global warming:
Fossil Fuels
Relieves the painful effects of acid reflux:
Antacids
Charged particles:
Ions
A strong bond containing metals and non metals
Ionic compounds
Negatively charged particles that orbit atoms:
Electrons
Describes a chemical reaction that absorbs heat:
Endothermic
A product not made naturally:
Synthetic
The type of particles located in an atoms outer orbit:
Valence electrons
Describes a chemical reaction that releases heat:
Exothermic
The study of matter, its properties and its changes or transformations:
Chemistry
a pure substance containing 2 or more elements in fixed proportions:
Compound
Bond resulting from 2 or more non-metals sharing one or more pairs of electrons:
Covalent bond
Compound composed of hydrogen and carbon:
Hydrocarbon
properties of this substance include sour taste, produces hydrogen ions, and turns blue litmus paper red
Acids
A substance that contains only one type of particle:
Pure substance
Properties include bitter tase, slippery in aqueous solution, and it produces hydroxide ions:
Bases
the chemical reaction that occurs when a substance reacts very quickly with oxygen to produce energy:
Combustion
anything that has mass or takes up space:
matter
a pure substance that cannot be broken down into anything simpler
Element
The Family in the far right column of the periodic table:
Noble gases
7 Diatomic elements
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Fluorine
Chlorine
Bromine
Iodine
General formula for 5 different types of chemical reactions
- Synthesis- A+B=AB
- Decomposition- AB-> A-B
- Single Displacement- A+BC->AC+B
- Double Displacement- AB+CD-> AD+CB
- Combustion-
4 Factors affecting the rate of chemical reactions
- reactant concentration
- surface area
- temperature
4 .Catalysts
5 characteristics of acids
- Sour in taste
- turns litmus paper red
- Produce hydrogen ions
- React with metals to form hydrogen gas
- React with carbonates and liberates carbon dioxide gas
5 characteristics of bases
- Bitter Taste
- Turns red litmus paper blue
- Neutralize acids
- Conductive of electricity
- feels Slippery or soapy
What is a chemical indicator. Provide 4 examples
Litmus paper
red cabbage
tumeric
china rose
How many times more acidic is a substance with a PH of 3.0 compared to one with a PH of 6.0
Since a substance with a Ph of 6 is neutral, a substance with a PH of 3 would be much more acidic
a welders torch combines acetylene and oxygen gases to form carbon dioxide and water.
what is the proper word equation?
convert the word equation into a skeletal formula.
balance the chemical equation.
classify the type of reaction
word equation:
Acetylene + Oxygen –> Carbon dioxide + water
Skeletal Formula:
C2H2 + O2 –> CO2 + H20
Balanced equation:
2C2H2 + 5O2 –> 4CO2 + 2H2O
Type of Reaction = Combustion reaction
