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S3 > Chemistry Test > Flashcards

Chemistry Test Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 main nutrients plants need for growth?

A
  1. Nitrates 2. Phosphates 3. Potassium4. Magnesium
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2
Q

Why do plants need Nitrates?

A

To make amino acids which make up proteins?

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3
Q

What happens when plants do not have enough Nitrates?

A

Yellow Leaves

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4
Q

Why do plants need Phosphates?

A

To make DNA and cell membranes

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5
Q

What happens when plants do not have enough Phosphates?

A

Poor root growth and discoloured leaves

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6
Q

Why do plants need Potassium?

A

For photosynthesis

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7
Q

What happens when plants do not have enough Potassium?

A

Poor flower and fruit growth. Discoloured leaves.

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8
Q

Why do plants need Magnesium?

A

To make chlorophyll which makes leaves green

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9
Q

What happens when plants do not have enough Magnesium?

A

Yellow leaves

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10
Q

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

A

Water + Carbon Dioxide —

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11
Q

What is the word equation for respiration?

A

Oxygen + Glucose —

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12
Q

What does the term photosynthesis mean?

A

A plant converting light into energy.

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13
Q

What three things does a plant need in order for photosynthesis to occur?

A

Light, Water and Carbon Dioxide

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14
Q

What is the name of the green pigment in plants that absorb the energy from sunlight?

A

Chlorophyll

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15
Q

What are the two products of photosynthesis?

A

Glucose and Oxygen

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16
Q

Why is the process of photosynthesis vital for our survival?

A

Because the products are needed in order to carry out out respiration.

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17
Q

What is the link between photosynthesis and respiration?

A

In order for photosynthesis to take place plants need carbon dioxide and glucose, the products of respiration and in order for respiration to take place animals need oxygen and water, the products of photosynthesis.

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18
Q

What three elements make up Carbohydrates?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen

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19
Q

What are fertilisers used for?

A

Fertilisers are also used to make plants grow faster

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20
Q

What is the process of fermentation?

A

Fermentation is the process of converting carbohydrates into alcohol and carbon dioxide using yeast or bacteria in conditions where oxygen is not present

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21
Q

What is the word equation for fermentation

A

Glucose —

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22
Q

An opium poppy is used to make _______

A

Morphine

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23
Q

The bark of a willow tree is used to make _______

A

Aspirin

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24
Q

The compound from a daffodil bulb can be used to help treat ___________

A

Alzheimer’s

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25
Q

What is a fuel?

A

A substance that gives off energy when it burns

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26
Q

What are the three main fuels?

A

Coal, Oil and Natural Gas

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27
Q

Why are they called fossil fuels?

A

Because they were formed from living things.

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28
Q

What is meant by a finite resource?

A

It means they will eventually run out.

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29
Q

What elements are present in hydrocarbons?

A

Hydrogen and Carbon

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30
Q

What property of liquids is used to separate liquids in distillation?

A

Different boiling points?

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31
Q

What process is used to separate hydrocarbons?

A

Fictional Distillation

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32
Q

What is crude oil?

A

A mixture of different hydrocarbons

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33
Q

What are the names of the two hydrocarbon families?

A

Alkanes nd Alkenes

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34
Q

What is the name of the first alkane?

A

Methane

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35
Q

What is the name of the second alkane?

A

Ethane

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36
Q

What is the name of the third alkane?

A

Propane

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37
Q

What is the name of the fourth alkane?

A

Butane

38
Q

What is the name of the fifth alkane?

A

Pentane

39
Q

What is the name of the sixth alkane?

A

Hexane

40
Q

What is the name of the seventh alkane?

A

Heptane

41
Q

What is the name of the eighth alkane?

A

Octane

42
Q

What is the name of the ninth alkane?

A

Nonane

43
Q

What is the name of the tenth alkane?

A

Decane

44
Q

What is the name of the first alkene?

A

Ethene

45
Q

What is the name of the second alkene?

A

Propene

46
Q

What is the name of the third alkene?

A

Butene

47
Q

What is the name of the fourth alkene?

A

Pentene

48
Q

What is the name of the fifth alkene?

A

Hexene

49
Q

What is the name of the sixth alkene?

A

Heptene

50
Q

What is the name of the seventh alkene?

A

Octene

51
Q

What is the name of the eighth alkene?

A

Nonene

52
Q

What is the name of the ninth alkene?

A

Decene

53
Q

What three things does a fire need to burn?

A

Fuel, Heat and Oxygen

54
Q

What is the scientific name for burning?

A

Combustion

55
Q

What is the product of incomplete combustion?

A

Carbon Monoxide

56
Q

Burning carbon dioxide causes a _______

A

Greenhouse effect

57
Q

What happens when sulphur compounds from fuels nd oxygen react?

A

They produce sulphur dioxide which dissolved in rain water to produce acid rain.

58
Q

What is a renewable energy source?

A

A renewable energy source is one that will not run out.

59
Q

What happens when you remove one of the components from the fire triangle?

A

The fire will go out.

60
Q

Acidic substances have a pH of _________

A

1-6

61
Q

pH 7 is ______

A

Neutral

62
Q

A substance with a pH of 8-14 are ________

A

Alkaline

63
Q

An alkali is a base that _______

A

Dissolves in Water

64
Q

What does pH stand for?

A

Potential Hydrogen

65
Q

TRUE or FALSE: A dilute acid has a higher pH than a concentrated one.

A

True

66
Q

TRUE or FALSE: a concentrated alkali has a lower pH than a dilute one.

A

False

67
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction?

A

A neutralisation reaction is when an acid and an alkali react together to move towards pH 7.

68
Q

What are the two products of a neutralisation reaction?

A

Water and Salt

69
Q

Sodium Hand Hydrochloric acid make the salt _______

A

Sodium chloride

70
Q

The acid and alkalis that make Potassium Sulphate are _________

A

Potassium Hydroxide and Sulphuric Acid

71
Q

What do all chemical reactions involve?

A

All chemical reactions involve a new substance being formed.

72
Q

What is precipitation?

A

A chemical reaction where a solid is formed.

73
Q

What is effervescence?

A

A chemical reaction where a gas is formed.

74
Q

What is colour change?

A

A chemical reaction where the colour changes

75
Q

What is the indicator for carbon dioxide being produced?

A

Lime water turning cloudy

76
Q

If the temperature increases the reaction is ____________

A

Exothermic

77
Q

If the temperature decreases the reaction is ____________

A

Endothermic

78
Q

A physical change involves ________

A

A substance changing form.

79
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance in its purest form.

80
Q

What is a compound?

A

Two or more elements chemically joined

81
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Two substances mixed together, but not chemically joined

82
Q

The two liquid elements on the periodic table are ________

A

Mercury and Bromine

83
Q

What group are alkali metals on the periodic table?

A

Group 1

84
Q

What group are the halogens on the periodic table?

A

Group 7

85
Q

What group are the noble gases in?

A

Group 8

86
Q

What are elements made from?

A

Atoms

87
Q

What is contained within the nucleus of the atom?

A

Protons and Neutrons

88
Q

What orbits the nucleus of the atom?

A

Electrons

89
Q

What charge do protons have?

A

Positive (+)

90
Q

What charge do electrons have?

A

Negative (-)

91
Q

What charge do neutrons have?

A

0

92
Q

Why do atoms have no overall charge?

A

Atoms have no overall charge because the protons and electrons balance each other out.

S3 (3 decks)

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