Chemistry Test 6

Question 1

Who was Dmitri Mendeleev and what did he do?

Answer 1

Russian chemist who developed the first periodic table of the chemical elements and predicted the discovery of several new elements.

Question 2

The energy required to remove the first electron from a neutral atom. Increases from left to right across a period. Decreases from top to bottom on a group. (Highest is Fluorine)

Answer 2

Ionization Energy

Question 3

The periodic trend that predicts how atoms combine with each other; ability to attract electrons; measures the attraction of bonded atoms to electrons. Increases from left to right. Decreases when moving down a group. (Highest is Fluorine)

Answer 3

Electronegativity

Question 4

The change in energy when an electron is added to a neutral atom to form an anion. Increases from left to right. Decreases from right to left from a group down. (Highest is Chlorine)

Answer 4

Electron Affinity

Question 5

Distance from the center of the atom’s nucleus to its outermost electron. Increases from right to left when moving down a group from top to bottom. Decreases from right to left when moving across a period.

Answer 5

Atomic Radius

Question 6

Referred to as brimstone in the Bible and exists in a variety of forms, including yellow, brittle, crystalline solid in its native form.

Answer 6

Sulfur

Question 7

Good conductors of heat and electricity; usually hard, lustrous, malleable, shiny, and ductile. (Nickle, Zinc)

Answer 7

Metals

Question 8

The element makes up 21% of the earth’s atmosphere and is the most abundant in the earth’s crust. It’s essential for life in all animals and humans. Exists as a diatomic or triatomic gas.

Answer 8

Oxygen

Question 9

Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, or sulfur; generally gasses or soft solids.

Answer 9

Nonmetals

Question 10

The periodic trend that predicts how atoms combine with each other; ability to attract electrons.

Answer 10

Electronegativity

Question 11

Nitrogen Family( Group 15); nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, muscovium.

Answer 11

Pnictogens

Question 12

The lightest and most abundant element in the universe, is extremely flammable in air, and is used in the industrial production of ammonia.

Answer 12

Hydrogen

Question 13

In general, where are the nonmetals located on the periodic table?

Answer 13

The far right side.

Question 14

Why do elements in the same family have similar physical and chemical properties?

Answer 14

They have similar electron configurations.

Question 15

Having characteristics of both metals and nonmetals; semiconductors (boron, silicon, arsenic, germanium, antimony, and tellurium)

Answer 15

Metalloids

Question 16

(T or F) High electronegativities are associated with large ionization energies and high electron affinities.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

A larger atomic radius means a __________ ionization energy; a smaller atomic radius means a __________ ionization energy.

Answer 17

Smaller; larger

Question 18

The group of elements that tends to have the strongest electron affinity.

Answer 18

Halogens (Group 17)

Question 19

(T or F) Generally, atomic radii increase when moving down a group or column in the periodic table.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

The name given to the horizontal rows in the periodic table.

Answer 20

Periods or series.

Question 21

Group 17 (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine)

Answer 21

Halogens

Question 22

One-half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together.

Answer 22

Atomic radius

Question 23

Oxygen has the ability to combine with other elements to form compounds called.

Answer 23

Oxides

Question 24

Some things that are on the periodic table.

Answer 24

Atomic mass, atomic number,

Question 25

Which element is the most reactive as well as the most electronegative?

Answer 25

Fluorine

Question 26

Group 18; helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon.

Answer 26

Noble Gasses

Question 27

Group 2; elements that are mostly geological minerals that are dissolved slightly in water.

Answer 27

Alkaline-earth metals.

Question 28

Exists as a diatomic molecule, tasteless, odorless, and accounts for 78% of the earth's atmosphere.

Answer 28

Nitrogen

Question 29

The energy required to remove the first electron from a neutral atom.

Answer 29

Ionization energy.

Question 30

What kind of metals are Lanthanides and actinides.

Answer 30

Inner transition metals.

Question 31

(T or F) The periodic trend for first ionization energy is opposite of atomic radii.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Groups 3-12; highest energy electrons in interior d sublevels.

Answer 32

Transition metals.

Question 33

What is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature?

Answer 33

Mercury.

Question 34

Size of an ion ( anion, neutral, cation)

Answer 34

ionic radius

Question 35

(T or F) None of the noble gasses from compounds with other elements.

Answer 35

False

Question 36

(T or F) Graphite and Diamond are both composed of the same element: carbon.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

Very reactive metals that will readily lose their valence electron to form ionic compounds. In group 1. (Cesium, Francium)

Answer 37

Alkali Metals

Question 38

What elements and what group are Alkali Metals?

Answer 38

Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, and Francium. Group 1 (Minus Hydrogen)

Question 39

What elements and what group are Alkaline earth Metals?

Answer 39

Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, Radium. Group 2

Question 40

What elements and groups are Transition Metals in?

Answer 40

Scandium, Titanium, Chromium, Manganese, etc. group 3-12.

Question 41

What elements are what groups are Basic Metals in?

Answer 41

Group 13 (Minus Boron), Group 14 ( Tin, Lead, and flerovium) Group 15 ( Bismuth and Moscovium) Group 16 (livermorium)

Question 42

What group and what elements are in Metalloids in?

Answer 42

Group 13-16. Boron, Silicon, Arsenic, Antimony, Tellurium, and Polonium. (Staircase)

Question 43

What group and what elements are Nonmetals in?

Answer 43

Group 1: Hydrogen. Group 14-16: Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Oxygen, Sulfur, and Selenium.

Question 44

What group and what elements are Halogens in?

Answer 44

Group 17-18. Fluorine, Chlorine, helium, Neon, etc.

Question 45

What are the vertical columns called?

Answer 45

Groups or Families.

Question 46

Are anions bigger than their neutral forms, why or why not?

Answer 46

Anions are bigger than their neutral forms because there are more electrons in the valence shell, which makes it bigger.