Chemistry summary key facts Flashcards
What are pure substances
One type of element or one type of compound for example water
What is an element
Something made out of one type of atom
What is a compound
Two or more elements chemically bonded together
What is a mixture
Two or more elements or compounds not chemically joined together
What is a formulation
Mixtures of compounds or substances that do not react together
What is the paper chromatography experiment
- Measure 1cm from the bottom of the chromatography experiment mark with a small dot using a pencil, draw a line through the dot
- Using a pipette drop small drops of the inks onto the line leaving gaps
- Get a container and pour a solvent into it the solvent should not pass the inks on the paper
- Place the paper into the container just dipping a bit in, let the solvent rise
- Just before the solvent reaches the top of the paper take it put and leave it to dry
- Once dried measure the distance travelled by the SOLVENT
7 Measure the distance travelled by the inks - Calculate the R value of all the spots
R value calculation
Distance travelled by substance divided by distance travelled by solvent
The test for hydrogen
Place a burning splint inside the opening of a test tube. If hydrogen gas is present it will burn rapidly and make a squeaky pop sound
The test for oxygen
Place a glowing splint inside a test tube the splint will relight if in the presence of oxygen
The test for carbon dioxide
When carbon dioxide is bubbled through or shaken its limewater the limewater turns cloudy.
Test for chlorine
Damp litmus paper is used to test for chlorine gas the litmus paper turns white and bleached
What is the way to remember the reactive series
Purple (potassium) slime (sodium) can (calcium) make (magnesium) a (aluminium) careless (carbon) zebra (zinc) insane (iron) try (tin) learning (lead) how (hydrogen) camels (copper) surprise (silver) gorillas (gold)
