Chemistry - Separating Mixtures Flashcards
A mixture is?
Two or more different substances that are not chemically joined together.
When a solid has dissolved in a liquid we end up with a ____?
Solution
Salt water is an example of a ______
mixture
A pure substance consists of how many elements or compounds?
Only 1.
What does insoluble mean?
That it cannot be dissolved
Which method would be best to separate salt from a salt solution (sea water)?
Evaporation
Which method would be best to separate sand from a mixture of sand and water?
Filtration
Which method would be best to separate a mixture of liquids with different boiling points?
Fractional distillation
Which method would be best to separate the solvent (water) from sea water?
Distillation
What words describe water turning from:
a. A liquid to a gas
b. A gas to a liquid
a. Evaporation
b. Condensation
What pieces of equipment would you need for filtration?
Funnel, filter paper, a beaker or conical flask to collect the filtrate.
What pieces of equipment would you need for evaporation?
Bunsen burner (or heating pad), evaporating dish , tripod, gauze.
Water has a boiling point of 100 degrees. Ethanol (alcohol) has a boiling point of 78 degrees. If you heated a mixture of water and alcohol, which substance would evaporate first?
Ethanol as it has a lower boiling point.
Which process of separation would you use to separate the different gases in air?
Fractional distillation
Before we can separate the gases in air what must we do first?
Cool it down to -200 degrees celsius. Lots of the gases have very low boiling points.
Given the info above, which will be the first gas to form when the mixture is heated up?
Nitrogen, as it has the lowest boiling point.
Which substance is most likely to be a solid at -200 C?
Carbon dioxide as it has the highest boiling point. Solid CO2 is dry ice.
