Chemistry Semester 2

Question 1

What is a hydrocarbon?

Answer 1

Hydrocarbons are molecules containing carbon and hydrogen.

Question 2

What makes a hydrocarbon a fuel?

Answer 2

A hydrocarbon is a fuel, as it stores chemical energy within the covalent networks. The combustion of a hydrocarbon can be complete or incomplete.

Question 3

What is complete combustion?

Answer 3

Complete combustion occurs when there is sufficient oxygen atoms.

Question 4

What is incomplete combustion (hydrocarbons)?

Answer 4

Complete combustion occurs when there is not sufficient oxygen atoms to create carbon dioxide and water. Not enough oxygen moles present, carbon atoms may combine with one atom of oxygen to form carbon monoxide.

Question 5

Why are hydrocarbons considered fuel?

Answer 5

When hydrocarbons are used as energy for other chemical reactions to occur, they are called fuels

Question 6

What physical properties of hydrocarbons determined by?

Answer 6

The physical properties of hydrocarbons are determined by the size of the molecule and the length of the chain. As the chain increases the boiling and melting point also increase. The strength of intermolecular dispersion forces also increase.

Question 7

What is a functional group?

Answer 7

A functional group is an atom or a group of atoms responsible for chemical reactions of a molecule.

Question 8

What is an alkane?

Answer 8

An alkane is a general carbon-carbon single bonds. All end in ane

Question 9

What is an alkene?

Answer 9

Include a carbon-carbon double bond.. CnH2n
All end in ene

Question 10

List the nomenclature molecular names:

Answer 10

meth, eth, prop, but, pent, hex, hept, oct, non, dec

Question 11

What is an alkyne?

Answer 11

An alkyne includes a carbon-carbon triple bond. Ends in yne, CnH2n-2

Question 12

What does a saturated hydrocarbon mean, what does it mean if it is unsaturated?

Answer 12

If an organic compound is saturated it means that it contains the maximum number of hydrogen atoms around each carbon

If it has less than the maximum, then it is classified as unsaturated
Alkanes are saturated, alkynes and alkenes are unsaturated.

Question 13

Addition v substitution reactions ?

Question 14

What is an isotope?

Answer 14

Isotopes are are atoms of the same element that have a different number of protons, but a differing number of neutrons.

Question 15

What is a mole?

Answer 15

A mole is a unit of measurement that is the amount of a pure substance containing 6.022 × 10²³ atoms/molecules of that substance.

Question 16

What is a nanoparticle?

Answer 16

A nanoparticle is a small particle ranging from 1-100nm in size.

Question 17

Define electronegativity.

Answer 17

Electronegativity is an atoms ability to attract another bonding electron pair, ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond. Fluorine is the most electronegative.

Question 18

What are the products and reactants of complete combustion?

Answer 18

h

Question 19

What are the products and reactants of incomplete combustion?

Question 20

Brainstorm SHE Concept influence:

Answer 20

• Why the research was done: Economical, social, ethical, cultural influences

Question 21

What is molar mass?

Answer 21

Molar mass iof a substance is the mass of 1 mole of it (can be found on the periodic table).

Question 22

What is molecular formula?

Answer 22

Moecular formula is the actual number of each kind of atom in the molecule, (when calculating molecular formula check against total molar mass)

Question 23

What is empirical formula?

Answer 23

Empirical formula is the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in the compound. Simplified molecular formula

Question 24

What is a polymer?

Answer 24

A polymer is a very large molecule comprised off small repeating structural units called monomers.

Question 25

Condensation vs addition polymers?

Answer 25

Addition polymers are identical repeating units where as condensation polymers involve two different monomers and produce water.