chemistry semeseter exam Flashcards
what is a qualitative statement?
it describes something using words.
hypothesis = ?
a testable statement used for making predictions and carrying out further experiments.
laws?
predict what will happen
same the SI base units
Kilogram, meter, second, kelvin
density
the amount of matter per unit volume
the unit centimeters cubed measures?
volume
a measure of the amount of matter is ?
mass
an experimental value that closely aggress with excepted values is?
accurate
the symbol that represents the measured unit for volume is ?
milliliters
the SI base unit for temperature is ?
kelvin
the relationship between the mass, volume, and density is ?
DV = m
The state of matter in which a material has a definite shape and definite volume Is?
SOLID STATE
A list of pure substances could include….
H2O
The melting of a candle wax is classified as physical change because?
It does not produce any new substances
The most useful source of chemical information about the element is?
Periodic Table
The substance classified as a fluid, contains particles that….
Slide past each other!
The state of matter in which a material does not change physical state under pressure is?
SOLID STATE
A horizontal row of blocks in the periodic table is called?
Period
Under ordinary conditions of temperature and pressure, the particles in a gas are?
Very far from each other
The particles in a solid are..?
Packed closely together
The state of matter in which a material has a definite volume, but no definite shape is?
liquid state
The state of matter in which particles can be compressed into a liquid is?
Solid State
Which of the following is an intensive physical property?
Color
There are how many groups on the period table?
18
Chemical properties =?
changes that altar the identity of the substance!
A physical change occurs when a?
A glue gun melts a glue stick?
Properties of Metals?
Conduct Heat and Energy, Malleable, Solids at room temperature,
Properties of Nonmetals?
Cannot conduct heat and energy, gases at room temperature, some are solids
Metalloids
Characteristics of metals and nonmetals, appear along stair cases solids at room temp
Elements in a group in the periodic table are expected to have similar?
Properties
One chemical property of Matter is…?
reactivity
physical means can be used to separate?
Mixtures
The elements that border the zigzag line are…?
Metalloids
There are how many periods in the periodic table?
7
law of conservation of mass?
mass of compound form = mass of individual emblements
law of multiple proportions= ?
atoms combined small whole ratios
the father of the modern atomic theory
Daltons theory
modern atomic theory?
- all matters made up of atoms 2. atoms of different elements have different properties. 3. atoms are divisible into smaller particles. 4. atoms are indivisible by chemical processes 5. atoms of different elements combined in whole number ratios to make compounds.
the raise produced in a cathode tube are?
found to carry a negative charge
a negatively charged electrode ?
cathode
experiments with cathode rays led to the discover of ?
the electrons
discoverer of the nucleus
Rutherford
in Rutherford’s experiments few of the particles?
bounced back
characteristics of the nucleus?
- dense 2. positive 3. contains nearly all of the atoms mass
why is an atom neutral ?
the number of protons are equal to the number of electrons
most of the volume of an atom is occupied by?
electrons
isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different ?
masses
all isotopes of hydrogen contain ?
one proton
the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus is?
mass number
Positive Ion?
Cation
Negative Ion?
Anion
What is a bionary compound?
Two elements put together
Ternary Compounds?
Contains Polyatomic Ions
Acids
Compounds containing H & a nonmetal: MAKE SURE IT STARTS WITH AN H
Binary Ionic Compounds
Contain a Metal and Nonmetal
A solid produced by a chemical reaction in solution that separates from the solution is called?
A precipitate
What is the small whole number that appears to the right of an element in a chemical formula?
Subscript
To balance a chemical equation it might be necessary to adjust the….?
Coefficient
According to the law of conservation of mass, the total mass of the reacting substance is?
equal to the total mass of the products
A chemical equation is balanced when
The number of atoms in the reactants is the same number of the atoms in the products
The symbol for a substance dissolved in water is?
Aq
A chemical formula written over the arrow in a chemical equation means?
a catalyst for the reaction
A balanced chemical equation is a direct representation of the?
Law of Conservation of Mass
A summary of observed behavior
Natural Law
An explanation of behavior
Theory
What do we call a homogeneous mixture
A Solution
What state of matter is a diamond
Solid
