Chemistry S2 Exam Flashcards
What are the 3 states of matter?
solid, liquid, gas
What are all substances made of?
atoms
What are atoms?
small particles that make up matter
What are atoms arranged in?
different solids, liquids and gases
Say 4 things about solids?
-vibrate in a fixed position
-close together
-have a fixed shape
-arranged in a regular pattern
Say 4 things about liquids?
-arranged in a random way
-move around each other
-don’t have a fixed shape
-close together
Say 4 things about gases?
-don’t have a fixed shape
-arranged in a random way
-move quickly in all directions
-far apart from each other
Can a solid be compressed and why?
No. The particles are really close together (not possible to get closer)
Can a liquid be compressed and why?
No. The particles are still very close together
Can a gas be compressed and why?
Yes. There are big spaces between particles that can be ‘squashed’
What is the changing of states in melting?
solid to liquid (ice to water)
What is the changing of states in boiling?
liquid to gas (water to steam)
What is the changing of states in condensing?
gas to liquid (steam to water)
What is the changing of states in freezing?
liquid to solid (water to ice)
What is sublimation?
the process by which solids turn into gases without melting into a liquid first e.g solid to gas
What is water’s melting point, boiling point and its state at room temperature?
melting point: 0°C
boiling point: 100°C
state at 25°C: liquid
What is mercury’s melting point, boiling point and its state at room temperature?
melting point: -39°C
boiling point: 357°C
state at 25°C: liquid
What is iron’s melting point, boiling point and its state at room temperature?
melting point: 1538°C
boiling point: 3000°C
state at 25°C: solid
What is oxygen’s melting point, boiling point and its state at room temperature?
melting point: -218°C
boiling point: -183°C
state at 25°C: gas
What is bromine’s melting point, boiling point and its state at room temperature?
melting point: -7.2°C
boiling point: 59°C
state at 25°C: liquid
Why do gases have a greater volume than liquids?
much more space between gas particles so they take up a greater volume
When you breathe on a cold surface like a window why does it go foggy?
condensation; warm water vapour lands on the colder surface, it condenses back into a liquid
What is viscosity?
measure of how easily a liquid flows (the slower it flows the higher the viscosity)
What is a variable?
something that changes