Chemistry Review Flashcards
Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
a) Cutting grass b) rusting a nail c) percolating coffee d) clothes drying on a line.
b) rusting a nail
To find the number of neutrons in an atom, you must: a) add the atomic number and the atomic weight b) subtract the atomic number from the group number. c) subtract the atomic number from the atomic weight d) subtract the electric charge from the group number
c) subtract the atomic number from the atomic weight
The particles that are gained or lost by atoms when they react are: a) electrons b) protons c) neutrons d) ions
a) electrons
The staircase on the Periodic Table in important because it separates: a) ionic bonds from covalent bonds b) electrons from protons c) acids from bases d) metals from non-metals
d) metals from non-metals
Two elements that are likely to form a covalent bond when they react are: a) hydrogen and fluorine b) carbon and nitrogen c) magnesium and sulphur d) potassium and helium
b) carbon and nitrogen
The element which is MOST likely to form an ionic bond with oxygen is: a) boron b) magnesium c) hydrogen d) potassium
d) potassium
In the formula C3H8, there are: a) 3 carbon and 8 hydrogens b) 1 C 3+ ion and 1 H 8+ ion c) 3 carbons and 8 heliums d) 8 carbons and 3 hydrogens
a) 3 carbon and 8 hydrogens
The element which reacts MOST vigourously to lose electrons is: a) hydrogen b) francium c) aluminum d) polonium
b) francium
The non-metal which is BEST at stealing electrons from other atoms is: a) boron b) astatine c) fluorine d) radon
c) fluorine
In order to make a positive ion, an atom must: a) gain a proton b) lose a proton c) gain an electron d) lose an electron
d) lose an electron
Which of the following names is written correctly? a) sodium chlorine b) Sodium chloride c) Sodium Chloride d) Sodium chlorine
b) Sodium chloride
Which property of water causes its unusually high boiling point? a) It has heavy particles b) It can dissolve salt c) It is a polar molecule with + and - ends. d) It expands when it freezes.
c) It is a polar molecule with + and - ends.
Which of the following formulas represents a compound that can actually exist? a) HO2 b) C2O3 c) SiO2 d) MgHe2
c) SiO2
Ionic Bonds are formed when: a) two atoms of roughly the same strength share valence electrons b) a metal gains electrons from a non-metal to get six valence electrons in total c) a group 8 atom shares + ions with a non-metal to bond d) a strong non-metal takes electrons from a metal making + and - ions that bond.
d) a strong non-metal takes electrons from a metal making + and - ions that bond.
Covalent (or molecular) compounds are easily distinguished from ionic crystals by the fact that: a) ionic crystals are softer b) Ionic solutions conduct electricity while covalent solutions don’t c) ionic crystals are easy to melt d) covalent crystals have 6 sides while ionic crystals have 8 sides
b) Ionic solutions conduct electricity while covalent solutions don’t
When a clear, colourless, odourless gas is produced by a chemical reaction, you can test its identity using a burning wooden splint. You will know the gas is hydrogen if: a) it puts out the flames b) the gas explodes with a “pop” c) the glowing splint bursts back into flame d) the flame burns green and smells like chlorine
b) the gas explodes with a “pop”
Which of the following is a chemical change? a) crushing a sugar cube b) melting an ice cube c) dissolving salt in water d) reacting Zn with HCI to give H2 gas
d) reacting Zn with HCI to give H2 gas
An unidentified element is yellow, brittle, and does not conduct electricity. It is probably: a) a metal b) radioactive c) a non-metal d) unclassifiable
c) a non-metal
Metalloids are: a) used by aliens to build space ships b) are always ductile and are not solid at room temperature c) solids, dull and good conductors of heat and electricity d) solids that may be shinny or dull, may conduct but are not ductile
d) solids that may be shinny or dull, may conduct but are not ductile
Which of the following is NOT a property of metals? a) malleability (can be shaped/bent) b) ductility (can be stretched) c) lustre (can be shined) d) brittleness (breaks easily)
d) brittleness (breaks easily)
Which of the following used to organize the modern Periodic Table? a) atomic number b) atomic mass c) atomic size d) state at room temperature
a) atomic number
In a chemical reaction: a) total mass stays the same b) total mass is gained as electrons are transferred c) mass is lost as it changes to energy d) total mass is lost as protons are transferred
a) total mass stays the same
Which atom or ion has the same number of electrons as the chloride ion (Cl -1)? a) Ne b) Cl c) K + d) N 5+
c) K +
An element that can replace the S in K2S
Oxygen
An element that is similar to silver but bigger
Gold
An element that acts like phosphorus but is weaker
As
An element that has only 2 electrons in the 3rd energy level
Magnesium
An element that could have a charge of -2 or +6
Sulphur
An element that can have a +1 or -1 charge
Hydrogen
An element that has 3 full energy levels
Argon
An element that acts like chlorine but is less reactive
Bromine
In GLINCH, the G stands for:
Gas is produced
In GLINCH, the L stands for:
Light is released
In GLINCH, the I stands for:
Irreversible, it can’t go back
In GLINCH, the N stands for:
New substance is produced
In GLINCH, the C stands for:
Colour change occurs
In GLINCH, the H stands for:
Heat is released or absorbed
A pure substance made by bonding two or more atoms together
Compound
The most important feature of metals in chemical reactions
Lose electrons
A valence level that has eight electrons
Stable octet
The most active non-metal
Fluorine
A single type of atom
Element
A chemical bond formed when electrons are transferred between atoms
Ionic Bond
Elements on the right side of the Periodic Table that gain electrons
Non–metals
A chemical bond formed when electrons are shared by two atoms
Covalent Bond
This indicates the number of valence electrons in an atom
Group # on the Periodic table
The most active metal
Francium
Properties of ionic substances:
Solubility in Water, Conducts electricity, high melting point, hard, includes metals from group 1, 2 + 6, 7
Properties of covalent substances:
Solubility in solvents (alcohol), Low melting point, soft, includes all non-metals
Properties of Metals:
Hard, Shinny, Conducts electricity, High melting point, Flexible, React with acids, Solid, Loses electrons, Are dense
Mg has a charge of 2+. F has a charge of 1-. What is the formula and name of the compound?
MgF2. Magnesium Fluoride
K has a charge of 1+. N has a charge of 3-. What is the formula and name of the compound?
K2N. Potassium Nitride
Al has a charge of 3+. S has a charge of 2-. What is the formula and name of the compound?
Al2S3. Aluminum Sulphide
Si has a charge of 4+. F has a charge of 3-. What is the formula and name of the compound?
Si2P4. Silicon Phosphide
