Chemistry Reactions Flashcards
Finkelstein Reaction
Reaction of alkyl chloride or bromide with sodium iodide (or methanol) in the presence of acetone to give alkyl iodide
Swartz Reaction
Reaction of alkyl chloride or bromide with metal fluorides to give alkyl fluoride
Wurtz Reaction
Reaction of two same/different alkyl halides in the presence of sodium and dry ether to produce an alkane and sodium halide
Wurtz-Fittig Reaction
Reaction of an alkyl halide with an aryl halide(with the same halogen group) in the presence of sodium and dry ether to give a substituted aromatic compound and sodium halide
Reaction of alcohol with hydrogen bromide
Alcohol reacts with hydrogen bromide (48% boiling) in the presence of sodium bromide and sulfuric acid (on heating) to produce an alkyl bromide and water
Reaction of alcohol with hydrogen iodide
Alcohol reacts with hydrogen iodide in the presence of sodium iodide and h3po4 to give alkyl iodide and water
Reaction of alcohol with phosphorous trihalide
alkyl halide and h3po4
Reaction of alcohol with phosphorous pentachloride
alkyl chloride, pocl3, hcl
Reaction of alcohol with thionyl chloride
alkyl chloride, so2(gas), hcl(gas)
Reaction of toulene and bromine in the presence of dark Fe
ortho and para substituted bromotoulene
Dows Process
1) Reaction of alkenes with sulfuric acid
2) reaction of alkenes with diborane
Reaction of carboxylic acid with alcohol
Preparation of phenol with isopropyl benzene
Preparation of phenol using benzene sulfonic acid
Preparation of benzene using aniline
Reaction of alcohol with a simple ester
mixed ester and carboxylic acid
Reaction of alcohol with acid chloride
ester and hcl
Reaction of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols with Cu at 573K
Reaction of phenol with bromine in the presence of
1)h2o
2)carbon disulfide
Reaction of phenol with hno3 in the presence of
1) nothing
2) conc. h2so4
Reaction of phenol with sulfuric acid at
1) room temperature
2)373K
Riemer Tiemann Reaction
salicylaldehyde
Kolbe Reaction
salicylic acid
Reaction of alcohol with sulfuric acid at
1)413K
2)443K
1)ether
2)alkene
Williamson synthesis
Reaction of ether with
1) dilute h2so4
2)pcl5
3)hi or hbr
4) long contact with oxygen
Make the structures of the following
1) hydroquinone
2)alpha naphthol
3)resorcinol
4)catechol
5)para-cresol
6)pyrogallol
7)phloroglucinol
Preparation of aniline using nitrobenzene
Ammonolysis
What happens when Ammonolysis is performed in the presence of excess
1)alkyl halide
2)excess ammonia
Preparation of amines using nitriles and amides
***Gabriel phthalimide Synthesis
***Hoffman Bromamide synthesis
Is alkanamine a stronger base than ammonia
Yes
Is aniline a stronger base than other aryl amines and ammonia
No
Acylation
Amide and HCL
Tertiary amines do not show acylation reactions
Carbylamines Reaction
Formation of alkyl isocyanide, potassium chloride and water
Only primary amines give the carbylamines test
Reaction of primary, secondary, tertiary and aryl amines with nitrous acid
primary: diazonium salts
secondary amines: n-nitroso amines
tertiary: nitrate salts
aryl: diazonium salts
Hinsberg Reagent Test
Primary amines form sulfonamides soluble in an alkali
secondary amines form a sulfonamide insoluble in an alkali
tertiary amines do not react with the Hinsberg reagent
Reaction of aniline with hno3 in the presence of h2so4
51% para product
47% meta product
2% ortho product
Sandmeyer Reaction for amines
