Chemistry Quiz 1 Review (Sept 19)

Question 1

Protons

Answer 1

Subatomic particle found in the nucleus, positive charge

Question 2

Neutrons

Answer 2

Subatomic particle found in nucleus, no charge

Question 3

Electrons

Answer 3

Subatomic particle found outside of nucleus in orbits/shells, negative charge

Question 4

Change number of protons

Answer 4

Becomes a different element

Question 5

Change number of electrons

Answer 5

becomes an ion

Question 6

Types of ions

Answer 6

Cation - Positive
Anion - negative

Question 7

Change number of neutrons

Answer 7

Forms isotopes

Question 8

Rows and columns of periodic table

Answer 8

Periods and families

Question 9

Atomic Radius

Answer 9

The estimated size of an element from the nucleus to the outer perimeter

Question 10

Atomic radius …… As you move left to right

Answer 10

Gets smaller

Question 11

Why does atomic radius get smaller as you move left to right

Answer 11

add more protons and electrons, making the attraction stronger and pulling shells closer

Question 12

Ionization energy Definition

Answer 12

the energy needed to remove an electron from a gaseous atom

Question 13

Ionization energy ___ as you go left to right on the periodic table

Answer 13

Increases (because you need more energy bc shells are so close together)

Question 14

Why does Ionization energy increase as you go left to right on the table

Answer 14

Because the electrons are more tight together. Ionization energy gets weaker as you move down a family

Question 15

Multiple Ionization energy

Answer 15

Taking of more than 1 electron from a gaseous atom

Question 16

Describe multiple ionzation energy

Answer 16

It gets harder to take more and more electrons from an atoms because protons pull harder when losing electrons

Question 17

Electron Affinity

Answer 17

energy released when an electron is ADDED to a gaseous atom

Question 19

Electronegativity

Answer 19

the strength of attraction an atom has for electrons while in a chemical bond

Question 20

Elecronegativity __ as you go left to right

Answer 20

Increases because theres more protons to attract electrons

Question 21

Electronegativity ___ as you go down a column (family)

Answer 21

Decreases because theres more orbits

Question 22

Chemical bonds

Answer 22

electrostatic attraction between pairs of atoms/ions

Question 23

Octet Rule

Answer 23

8 valence electrons, atoms form ions with full valence shell

Question 24

Ionic Compounds

Answer 24

Bully beats wimp and steals toys
(Non metal takes electrons from metals)

Question 25

Why does non metals take electrons from metals

Answer 25

Non metals have higher electronegativity, so it takes electrons to be happy (all ions must be happy)

Question 26

Covalent Bonds:

Answer 26

Two bullies (Non metals) share electrons

Question 27

Polar Covalent bonds

Answer 27

Bully and sidekick share UNEQUALLY ; two non metals sharing in an unequal way because one is stronger than the other

Question 28

Disney Reference for Polar Covalent

Answer 28

Gaston and Le Fou

Question 29

Electronegativity subtraction bond chart

Answer 29

0 - 0.4 = Covalent
0.5 - 1.7 = Polar Covalent
1.7+ = Ionic.

Question 30

Why do non metals have a higher electronegativity

Answer 30

Because they are closer to have a full valence shell (remember electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons)

Question 31

Dipole

Answer 31

Seperation of charge without the same molecules