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science year 8 2018 > Chemistry Part 2 > Flashcards

Chemistry Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an Isotope?

A

Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number.

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2
Q

What is the meaning of Radioactive?

A

Emitting or relating to the emission of ionizing radiation or particles.

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3
Q

What is Half-Life?

A

The time required for one half the atoms of a given amount of a radioactive substance to disintegrate.

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4
Q

What is Alpha Radiation?

A

Particles sent out by some radioactive nuclei, each particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons bound together. Alpha particles carry a positive charge.

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5
Q

What is Gamma Radiation?

A

A photon of penetrating electromagnetic radiation (gamma radiation) emitted from an atomic nucleus.

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6
Q

What is Beta Radiation?

A

High-energy electrons, carrying a negative charge, that are sent out by some radioactive nuclei.

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7
Q

What does Stable mean?

A

Fixed and Steady.

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8
Q

What does Unstable mean?

A

Noting chemical compounds that readily decompose or change into other compounds.

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9
Q

What are Radioisotopes?

A

A version of a chemical element that has an unstable nucleus and emits radiation during its decay to a stable form.

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10
Q

What is Nuclear Radiation?

A

The energy particles or rays that are given off from a radioactive element, such as uranium, as it decays.

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11
Q

What are Alpha Particles?

A

A helium nucleus emitted by some radioactive substances, originally regarded as a ray.

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12
Q

What are Beta Particles?

A

A fast-moving electron emitted by radioactive decay of substances (originally regarded as rays).

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13
Q

What are Gamma Rays?

A

Penetrating electromagnetic radiation of a kind arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.

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14
Q

What is Cosmic Radiation?

A

A radiation of high penetrating power that originates in outer space and consists partly of high-energy atomic nuclei.

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15
Q

What is a Synthesis Reaction?

A

Synthesis reactions occur when two chemicals combine to form one larger chemical.

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16
Q

What is a Decomposition Reaction?

A

Decomposition reactions occur when one chemical breaks up to form two or more smaller chemicals.

17
Q

What is a Combustion Reaction?

A

A combustion reaction (commonly known as burning ) is an exothermic reaction in which something reacts with oxygen.

18
Q

What is a Single Displacement Reaction?

A

Single displacement reactions occur when the atoms of a pure element replace those of an element in a
chemical compound.

19
Q

What is a Precipitate (Double Displacement) Reaction?

A

If the cations of two ionic compounds switch places, you’re looking at a double displacement reaction.

20
Q

What is a Acid Base Reaction?

A

Acid-base reactions (also known as “neutralization reactions”) are just double displacement reactions in
which water is formed.

science year 8 2018 (4 decks)

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