Chemistry Part 1A (Things To Do)

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space and has mass

Question 2

Mass

Answer 2

Amount of matter in a object

Question 3

Element

Answer 3

Substances composed of only one type atom, can’t be divisible into smaller unique substances.

Question 4

Atom

Answer 4

Smallest unit of matter that determines chemical properties of an element.

Question 5

Sub-parts of atoms

Answer 5

Protons (+)
Electrons (-)
Neutrons (Neutral)
Nucleus: Core of the atom

Question 6

ion

Answer 6

A charged atom

Question 7

isotope

Answer 7

Two or more of the same element that has same protons and electrons but different amount of neutrons (different mass #)

Question 8

electron shell

Answer 8

The orbit that electrons follow around an atom’s nucleus

Question 9

molecule

Answer 9

Two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together.

Question 10

compound

Answer 10

A substance composed of two or more separate elements

Question 11

octet rule

Answer 11

Atoms prefer to have 8 electrons in the valence shell

Question 12

mole

Answer 12

(Avogadro’s number) Measurement of large quantities of very small entities in a substance (atoms, molecules, other specific particles)

Question 13

molecular mass

Answer 13

Added up atomic masses of atoms within a molecule

Question 14

Avogadro’s number

Answer 14

6.022 x 10^23

Question 15

Ionic bond

Answer 15

Complete transfer of electrons between two atoms, results in separately charged ions

Question 16

Cation

Answer 16

Positively charged ion

Question 17

Anion

Answer 17

Negatively charged ion

Question 18

Covalent bond

Answer 18

Atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

Question 19

Nonpolar covalent bond

Answer 19

Electrons are shared equally (nuclei attracts the electrons equally)

Question 20

Polar covalent bond

Answer 20

Electrons are not shared equally (one nucleus attracts the electrons more)

Question 21

Intermolecular forces

Answer 21

• Forces in-between molecules
• result from weak electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged parts or molecules (or ions and molecules)

Question 22

Hydrogen Bonds

Answer 22

Weak attractions between hydrogen atoms to more electronegative atoms (such as oxygen or nitrogen)

Question 23

Solubility

Answer 23

ability of one substance to dissolve in another

Question 24

dissociation (separation)

Answer 24

• In ionic compounds
• Cations are attracted to negative ends while anions are attracted to positive ends of water molecules; ions seperate and become surrounded by water molecules.

Question 25

Electrolyte

Answer 25

• Dissociation of an ionic compound in water
• Have ability to conduct an electric current (flow of charged particles)

Question 26

Valence shell

Answer 26

Outer shell (electron orbital) of an atom