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Science > Chemistry Paper 2 > Flashcards

Chemistry Paper 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a closed system?

A

No substance was leave or enter

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2
Q

What is a fuel?

A

Something burned to release heat

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3
Q

How is crude oil formed?

A

Fossil remains of plankton formed over million of years

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4
Q

What is a property of long-chain hydrocarbons?

A

Vicious

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5
Q

What is a saturated hydrocarbon?

A

Molecule that only contains hydrogen and carbon and no double bonds

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6
Q

What is the general formula for alkanes?

A

CnH2n+2

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7
Q

What bonds are found in alkanes?

A

Single covalent

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8
Q

Formula of propane

A

C3H8

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9
Q

Formula of butane

A

C4H10

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10
Q

One use of LPG

A

Heating

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11
Q

Unsaturated hydrocarbon example

A

C2H4

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12
Q

Formula of propane?

A

C3H6

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13
Q

What would happen if bromine was present?

A

Orange/brown to colourless

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14
Q

What two functional groups are in amino acids?

A

Anime and carboxylic acids

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15
Q

What catalyst is used in fermentation?

A

Yeast

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16
Q

What is a diol?

A

Alcohol with two hydroxyl groups

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17
Q

Catalyst used in ammonia

A

Iron

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18
Q

Why do manufacturers want to increase rate of reactions

A

Reduce energy costs

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19
Q

How do catalysts work

A

Add surface area for molecule to attach to

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20
Q

One use of diesal

A

Fuel for cars

21
Q

Property of short-chain hydrocarbons

A

Gases or volatile liquids

22
Q

Unsaturated meaning

A

Contains double bonds

23
Q

Test to identity alkane from Allene

A

Add bromine water
Alkanes-colourless
Alkanes-no reaction

24
Q

Catalyst used to form alkane molecules

A

Nickel

25
Q

What compound is CH3CH2CH2OH

A

Alcohol

26
Q

What is a dicarboxylic acid?

A

Molecule with 2 carboyxlic acid groups

27
Q

What is the functional group of CH3CH2COOH

A

COOH

28
Q

What is the pH of a COOH

A

Less than 7

29
Q

Use of thermosetting

A

Cooking utensils

30
Q

Why does thermosetting not soften when heated

A

Cross links between polymer chains

31
Q

What does pure mean

A

One type of element/compound

32
Q

Melts at 34 is it pure

A

Yes only has one melting point

33
Q

Disadvantages of flame test

A

Some colours may mask others in compound

34
Q

Why is no Rome wire used

A

Doesn’t melt

35
Q

What planet has similar atmosphere to Earth before

A

Venus

36
Q

What does CCS stand for

A

Carbon capture and storage

37
Q

What does CCS do

A

Stops CO2 going into air

38
Q

What does carbon neutral mean?

A

No overall increase in CO2

39
Q

How does climate change affect rainfall

A

Some increase,some decrease

40
Q

What is fresh water?

A

Low levels of salt and microorganisms

41
Q

What can sterilise water?

A

Ozone

42
Q

What’s an ore

A

Naturally occurring rock containing metal

43
Q

What is smelting

A

Ore heated with carbon which is more reactive

44
Q

What is bioleaching?

A

Bacteria used to remove metal from leachapt solution

45
Q

Why is aluminium not protected?

A

Creates layer of aluminium oxide which protects metal

46
Q

Why is high pressure used?

A

Higher pressure increases yield

47
Q

Why use fertilisers?

A

Replace nutrients in soil

48
Q

Why must fertilisers be soluble?

A

Taken up by roots of plant

49
Q

What is in NPK fertilisers?

A

Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Potassium

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