Chemistry of the Elements

Question 1

Test for Chlorine

Answer 1

Bleaches damp litmus paper, turning it white. It may go red for a moment.

Question 2

Test for Hydrogen

Answer 2

Makes a squeaky pop with a light splint.

Question 3

Test for Oxygen

Answer 3

Relights a glowing splint

Question 4

Test for Ammonia

Answer 4

Turns damp red litmus paper blue

Question 5

Test for Carbon Dioxide

Answer 5

Turns limewater cloudy.

Question 6

Test for water

Answer 6

Turns white anhydrous copper (II) sulphate powder blue. (Hydrated copper (II) sulphate powder.

Question 7

Test for pure water

Answer 7

Boils at 100°C and freezes at 0°C

Question 8

Characteristics of Group 0 elements

Answer 8

Inert and colourless gases

Question 9

Metal oxides are…

Answer 9

…basic

Question 10

Non-metal oxides are…

Answer 10

…acidic

Question 11

Lithium and water

Answer 11

Moves slowly around surface and fizzes

Question 12

Potassium and water

Answer 12

Reacts vigorously and burns with a lilac flame. May explode

Question 13

Sodium and water

Answer 13

Fizzes rapidly, moves quickly and may ignite

Question 14

Why are Group 1 elements more reactive as the atomic number increases?

Answer 14

The 1 electron in the outer shell becomes further away from the nucleus so the attraction is smaller. This means the outer electron is more easily lost.

Question 15

What colour is chlorine?

Answer 15

Green

Question 16

What colour is bromine?

Answer 16

Red-brown

Question 17

What colour is iodine?

Answer 17

Dark grey

Question 18

Oxidation

Answer 18

A loss of electrons.

Question 19

Reduction

Answer 19

A gain of electrons

Question 20

Oxidising agent

Answer 20

Accepts electrons and is reduced

Question 21

Reducing agent

Answer 21

Donates electrons and is oxidised.