Chemistry Of Life Flashcards
What are the four main groups of organic compounds essential for cellular structures and processes?
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
What percentage of organic compounds in living things is made up of four elements?
96% C, H, O AND N
What are the two types of ions involved in ionic bonds?
Cations, Anions
What type of bond results from atoms sharing pairs of electrons?
Covalent Bonds
What is the term for the measure of an atom’s attraction to shared electrons?
Electronegativity
Fill in the blank: A ________________ covalent bond involves equal sharing of electrons.
Non-Polar
Fill in the blank: In a polar covalent bond, electrons are ____________________ shared.
unequally
What type of molecule is water (H2O) due to its unequal electron distribution?
Polar molecule
What type of molecule is carbon dioxide (CO2)?
Nonpolar molecule
What do polar molecules tend to be soluble in?
Water
What are intermolecular forces?
Forces of attraction between molecules
What is the strongest type of intermolecular force?
Hydrogen Bonds
True or False: Hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent or ionic bonds.
True
What is the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules?
Hydrophilic: polar or charged, Hydrophobic: non-polar
Fill in the blank: Hydrophilic molecules are ____________________ to water.
attracted
Fill in the blank: Hydrophobic molecules are ____________________ to water.
repelled
