Chemistry of Biology

Question 1

Atomic Number

Answer 1

the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom of that element

Question 2

Energy Level

Answer 2

the energy in a shell of an electron (more based on how close to nucleus)

Question 3

Covalent Bond

Answer 3

formed between atoms when they share electrons

Question 4

Ions

Answer 4

charged atoms

Question 5

Polar Molecules

Answer 5

molecules with regions of partial charge

Question 6

Hydrogen Bond

Answer 6

weak bond between water molecules when they attract

Question 7

Chemical Reactions

Answer 7

the interactions between molecules to make different molecules

Question 8

Endothermic

Answer 8

require energy

Question 9

Exothermic

Answer 9

release energy

Question 10

Acid

Answer 10

chemical that donates protons when dissolved in water

Question 11

Base

Answer 11

chemical that accepts protons or donates hydronium when dissolved in water

Question 12

Buffer

Answer 12

combo of weak acid and conjugate base; creates a change in pH

Question 13

Carbohydrates

Answer 13

ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is 2:1

Question 14

Isomers

Answer 14

glucose and fructose (have same elements in different arrangements)

Question 15

Cellulose

Answer 15

long chain of water-insoluble polysaccharides

Question 16

Glycogen

Answer 16

polysaccharide made of bonded glucose

Question 17

Lipids

Answer 17

C+H+O

Question 18

Amino Acids

Answer 18

cyclical molecules with C, H, O, N

Question 19

Peptide Bonds

Answer 19

amino acids connected through dehydration reaction

Question 20

Enzymes

Answer 20

proteins that change the speed of a reaction

Question 21

Nitrogen Bases

Answer 21

adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine (C+G, T+A)

Question 22

RNA

Answer 22

like DNA except that thymine is changed to uracil