Chemistry in Biology Vocab - #1

Question 1

Macromolecules

Answer 1

large molecules that are formed by joining smaller organic molecules together

Question 2

Polymers

Answer 2

made from repeating units of identical or nearly identical compounds called monomers

Question 3

Carbohydrates

Answer 3

composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with a ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom (stores energy, provides structural support)

Question 4

Lipids

Answer 4

molecules made mostly of carbon and hydrogen (stores energy, provides steroids, waterproofs coatings)

Question 5

Protein

Answer 5

made of small carbon compounds called amino acids

Question 6

Amino Acids

Answer 6

made of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and sometimes sulfur

Question 7

Nucleic Acids

Answer 7

complex macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information

Question 8

Nucleotides

Answer 8

repeating subunits that make up nucleic acids

Question 9

Chemical Reaction

Answer 9

the process by which atoms or groups of atoms in substances are reorganized into different substances

Question 10

Reactants

Answer 10

located on the left, starting substances

Question 11

Products

Answer 11

located on the right, substances formed during the reaction

Question 12

Activation Energy

Answer 12

the minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction

Question 13

Catalyst

Answer 13

a substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction

Question 14

Enzymes

Answer 14

located in living things, these special proteins are biological catalysts

Question 15

Substrates

Answer 15

the reactants that bind to the enzyme

Question 16

Active site

Answer 16

the specific location where a substrate binds on an enzyme