Chemistry Fuels & Atmosphere

Question 1

What is the atmosphere?

Answer 1

A layer of gases surrounding the earth that are retained by gravity

Question 2

What are the names of the four layers of the atmosphere, and what order are they in from Earth going out?

Answer 2

Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere

Question 3

What percent of each gas is in the atmosphere?

Answer 3

Nitrogen 78%, Oxygen 21%, Argon 0.9%, Other gases (including water vapour) 0.06% ,Carbon dioxide 0.04%,

Question 4

If i burn copper in 100cm3 of air and end up with 80cm3 of air, what % of the air is oxygen?

Answer 4

100 - 80=20cm3
= 20/100 x 100 = 20%

Question 5

Complete the equation: copper + oxygen -> ___________

Answer 5

Copper oxide

Question 6

How can i test for oxygen in the lab?

Answer 6

Apply a glowing splint. Result if oxygen is present: splint relights

Question 7

How can i test for carbon dioxide in the lab?

Answer 7

1. apply a lit splint. Result if carbon is present: glow/ flame is extinguished
2. TEST GAS WITH LIMEWATER. RESULTS IF CARBON DIOXIDE IS PRESENT: LIMEWATER CHANGES FROM COLOURLESS TO CLOUDY

Question 8

Does oxygen support combustion?

Answer 8

Yes

Question 9

Does carbon dioxide support combustion?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

Does nitrogen support combustion?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

Which gases were present in the very early Earths atmosphere?

Answer 11

Hydrogen and Helium

Question 12

True or False - oxygen was released by volcanos?

Answer 12

False

Question 13

Which 4 gases were released by volcanos?

Answer 13

Carbon dioxide, Water vapour, Methane, Nitrogen

Question 14

What did comets bring to Earth?

Answer 14

Water

Question 15

What gas dissolved into the oceans?

Answer 15

Carbon dioxide

Question 16

What gas was first released into the atmosphere around the time when the first bacteria evolved?

Answer 16

Oxygen

Question 17

Name the process that released the oxygen and write the equation

Answer 17

Photosynthesis
6CO2+6H2O->C6H12O6+6O2
Carbon dioxide, water, glucose, oxygen

Question 18

Once there was enough oxygen in the atmosphere what evolved next?

Answer 18

Primitive Plants

Question 19

What are the three fossil fuels and what is stored in them?

Answer 19

Coal, Gas, Oil: carbon trapped in them

Question 20

What is the source of, and what are the harmful effects of, carbon monoxide?

Answer 20

Source:
Released when fossil fuels are burnt in limited oxygen (incomplete combustion)

Harmful effects:
Causes carbon monoxide poisoning

Question 21

What is the source of, and what are the harmful effects of, sulfur dioxide?

Answer 21

Source:
Released when fossil fuels are burnt

Harmful effects:
Causes acid rain

Question 22

What is the source of, and what are the harmful effects of, nitrous oxides (NO, NO2)?

Answer 22

Source:
Mainly released from car engines

Harmful effects:
NO and NO2 can both cause smog
NO2 can also cause acid rain

Question 23

What is the source of, and what are the harmful effects of, methane?

Answer 23

Source:
Intensive cow farming and rice paddy fields

Harmful effects:
Enhance the greenhouse effect

Question 24

What is the source of, and what are the harmful effects of, carbon dioxide?

Answer 24

Source:
Released when fossil fuels are burnt

Harmful effect:
Enhance the greenhouse effect

Question 25

What is the source of, and what are the harmful effects of, particulate pollutants?

Answer 25

Source:
Released when fossil fuels are brunt
Lead used to be added to petrol and used in paint

Harmful effects:
If lead particulates build up in the body they can cause nerve damage