Chemistry Finals Reviewer Flashcards
1
Q
Name of the experiment performed using this setup
A
Properties of Alkanes and Alkynes
2
Q
What organic compound was formed by reacting calcium carbide with water?
A
Acetylene gas
3
Q
Write the IUPAC name of acetylene.
A
Ethyne
4
Q
Draw the structure of acetylene.
A
5
Q
Method used to collect acetylene.
A
Water displacement method
6
Q
Test used to distinguish alkanes from alkenes or alkynes.
A
Baeyer’s Test for Unsaturation
7
Q
Reagent used in Baeyer’s Test
A
Potassium permanganate (KMnO4)
8
Q
Color of potassium permanganate
A
Purple
9
Q
Hexane + KMnO4 = ?
A
No reaction
10
Q
Why didn’t hexane react with potassium permanganate?
A
Hexane is a saturated hydrocarbon.
11
Q
Confirmatory product of acetylene and KMnO4 reaction.
A
MnO2 (Manganese dioxide)
12
Q
Color of Manganese dioxide
A
Brown
13
Q
What catalyst was needed for the hexane to react with bromine?
A
Sunlight (UV)
14
Q
Type of Reaction between hexane, bromine, and UV.
A
Substitution reaction
15
Q
Organic compound formed from the reaction of hexane, bromine, and UV.
A
Bromohexane
16
Q
Type of reaction between acetylene and bromine.
A
Addition reaction
17
Q
Organic compound formed between the reaction of acetylene and bromine.
A
Tetrabromoethane
18
Q
Describe the color change of bromine when it reacted with acetylene and with hexane (with UV).
A
Went from yellow to colorless.
19
Q
Organic product formed from the reaction of hexane and iodine.
A
Iodohexane
20
Q
Confirmatory color of iodohexane
A
Purple
21
Q
Flame color of hexane
A
Orange
22
Q
Products of complete combustion of hydrocarbons.
A
CO2, H2O, and Heat
23
Q
Reagents used in Formation of Cuprous acetylide
A
Acetylene and Ammonical solution of cuprous chloride
24
Q
Color of reaction between acetylene and ammoniacal solution of cuprous chloride.
A
Chocolate brown
25
Compound responsible for the color.
2 NH4Cl (Ammonium Chloride?)
26
The slow decomposition of organic substances brought about by microorganisms.
Fermentation
27
Name of the set up.
Fermentation
28
Microorganism used in fermentation
Yeast
29
Enzymes produced by yeast
Invertase and Zymase
30
Protein that act as catalyst in chemical reaction.
Enzyme
31
Sugar used in fermentation experiment
Sucrose
32
Molecular formula of sucrose
C12H22O11
33
Reaction of Invertase to Sucrose
Converts sucrose to glucose and fructose.
34
Molecular formula of glucose and fructose
C6H12O6
35
Glucose and Fructose have the same molecular formula, making them isomers. What primarily is the difference between the two?
Glucose has an aldehyde group making it an aldose. Fructose has a ketone group making it a ketose.
36
Reaction of zymase to glucose and fructose.
Converts glucose and fructose to ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide.
37
Main product of fermentation.
Ethyl alcohol / Ethanol
38
By-product of fermentation
Carbon dioxide
39
Used to test the presence of carbon dioxide
Lime water
Ca(OH)2
40
Confirmatory product of CO2
White precipitate
41
Compound name of the white precipitate.
CaCO3
Calcium carbonate
42
Used to test the presence of ethyl alcohol
Iodoform test
43
Confirmatory result in Iodoform test
Yellow precipitate
44
Chemical Formula of iodoform
CHI3
45
Test for the presence of sugar
Benedict’s Test
46
Confirmatory product of Benedict’s Test
Cu2O
47
Color of the Benedict’s test
Results may vary.
2%++ Brick red
1.5-2% Red
1-1.5% Orange
0.5-1% Yellow
0.1-0.5% Green
48
Compound used to dehydrate ethyl alcohol to yield 100% ethanol
CaC2
Calcium carbide
49
Purpose of heating the set up
To speed up the reaction
50
Compound used to test for water in alcohol
Anhydrous copper sulfate
CuSO4
51
Color of anhydrous copper sulfate
White
52
Change of color of copper sulfate from white to blue indicates...
Presence of water
53
The general reactants in esterification
Alcohol and carboxylic acid
54
Purpose of sulfuric acid in the esterification reaction
Dehydration or removal of water molecule.
55
Ester formed from ethanol and acetic acid
Ethyl acetate
IUPAC: ethyl ethanoate
56
Odor of ethyl acetate
Plastic balloon
57
Ester formed from the reaction of salicylic acid and methanol
Methyl salicylate
58
Odor of methyl salicylate
Mint
59
Another name for methyl salicylate
Oil of wintergreen
60
Reagents used in oxidation of alcohols
Alcohol, potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7, sulfuric acid
61
Oxidizing agent in the oxidation of alcohols
Potassium dichromate
K2Cr2O7
62
Color of potassium dichromate
Orange
63
Purpose of potassium dichromate
Oxidizing agent
64
Oxidation of primary alcohols will yield what organic product
Carboxylic acid
65
Oxidation of ethyl alcohol will yield
Ethanoic acid / acetic acid
66
Oxidation of secondary alcohols will yield what organic product
Ketone
67
Oxidation of Isopropyl alcohol will yield
Propanone
CN: acetone
68
Oxidation of tertiary alcohols will yield
No product. Tertiary alcohols do not get oxidized.
69
Color change of potassium dichromate in the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols
orange to blue green
70
Name of test where the hydroxyl group (-OH) is replaced with a halogen
Lucas Test
71
Catalyst used in Lucas Test
ZnCl2
Zinc Chloride
72
Confirmatory reaction of Lucas Test
Formation of cloudy white precipitate
73
Arrange in increasing order of reactivity the alcohols used in the experiments
1st - tert-butyl (tertiary)
2nd - isopropyl (secondary)
3rd - ethyl (primary)
74
Ether formed by dehydrating ethanol
Diethyl ether
IUPAC: ethoxy ethane
75
Purpose of sulfuric acid in the reaction
Dehydrating agent
76
Main use of diethyl ether
General anesthetic
77
Odor of diethyl ether
Sweet
78
Name of compound that reacts with phenols and give a violet-colored reaction.
Ferric chloride
FeCl3
79
Name of the test for phenols
Ferric chloride test
80
Is the test specific for Phenols?
NO, because it also yields a positive result for salicylic acid which is a carboxylic acid.
81
Confirmation that there is a phenol group in the compound being tested.
Change of color to violet
82
A 37-40% solution of formaldehyde is called...
Formalin solution
83
Odor of formaldehyde
Pungent irritating odor
84
State some uses of formaldehyde
For hardening and preserving albuminous tissues;
Embalming agent;
Disinfectant
Food preservation
85
Name of test wherein aldehydes will restore the reagent’s magenta red color; general test for the detection of aldehydes
Schiff’s Test
86
Solution used in Schiff’s test and its color
Schiff’s solution - colorless
87
Aldehydes restore Schiff’s solution’s magenta red color. Why can’t ketones do the same?
Ketones do not possess reducing property.
88
Result while acetone was mixed with Schiff’s solution
White cloud precipitate on top.
89
Resulting color of the reaction when formaldehyde was mixed when Schiff’s solution.
Purple
90
Resulting color of the reaction when benzaldehyde was mixed when Schiff’s solution.
Light purple
91
What was found at the junction of the two layers of formalin, resorcinol and conc. sulfuric acid solution?
Red flocculent precipitate
92
Unique test for formaldehydes
Resorcinol test
93
Effect of formaldehyde on gelatin
Makes gelatin insoluble to water
94
Another name for silver mirror test
Tollen’s test
95
What organic compound group gives positive result to the Tollen test?
Aldehydes
96
Confirmatory positive test results of aldehydes in Tollen’s test
Formation of silver mirror
97
Another name for Tollen’s reagent
Ammoniacal solution of silver nitrate
98
Chemical formula of Tollen’s reagent
Ag(NH3)2OH
99
Resulting product when formaldehyde is oxidized
Formic acid
IUPAC: methanoic acid
100
Gas by-product in Tollen’s Test
NH3 , ammonia
101
Test where only aliphatic aldehydes will give a positive result
Fehling’s Test
102
Color of positive result of Fehlings test
Dark Brown
103
Responsible for the dark brown color in the fehling's test
CU2O
104
Oxidation of aldehydes will give...
Carboxylic acid
105
Specific test for benzaldehyde
Auto-oxidation of benzaldehyde
106
Intermediate product in the auto-oxidation of benzaldehyde.
Perbenzoic acid
107
Chemical formula of the intermediate product un the auto-oxidation of benzaldehyd
C6H5COOOH
108
Final product in the auto-oxidation of benzaldehyde
Benzoic acid
109
Methyl ketone + Iodine in a basic environment will yield what confirmatory product.
CHI3
Iodoform
110
Give the solubility of the following acids:
Acetic acid
Benzoic acid
Stearic acid
Soluble
Slightly soluble
Insoluble
111
Main factor in the determination of solubility of carboxylic acids in water
Number of carbons
112
Oxidizing agent used to oxidize the carboxylic acids
Potassium permanganate KMnO4
113
Confirmatory color if the carboxylic acids were oxidized and the responsible chemical
Brown, Mn2+ (Manganese)
114
Of the four carboxylic acids used in the experiment, which were oxidized by the potassium permanganate?
Formic acid and oxalic acid
115
Acetic acid + KMnO4
Benzoic acid + KMnO4 =
No reaction
116
Product when salicylic acid reacted when ferric chloride
Iron (III) salicylate
117
In the reaction of salicylic acid to ferric chloride, was it because of the phenol group or carboxylic acid group present in the molecule?
Phenol group
118
What was the color of the resulting compound in the reaction of salicylic acid to ferric chloride?
Ferric chloride give red to purple color in phenolic compounds
119
Salicylic acid + bromine water yields what color of precipitate
Cloudy white precipitate because bromine decolorizes on reaction with salicylic acid.
120
Name of compound formed between Salicylic acid + bromine water
2,4,6-tribromophenol
121
Millon’s reagent chemical formula
HgN2O6
122
Resulting color when Millon’s reagent is mixed with salicylic acid
Red / brick red
123
Chemical responsible
C6H4COOOHg
Mercuric salt of perbenzoic acid
124
Millon’s reagent reacts with salicylic acid to give a brick red / red color primary because of which functional group present in salicylic acid?
Phenol group
125
Resulting organic compound when mixture of salicylic acid and soda lime was heated.
Phenol
126
Odor of phenol
Pastelike odor
127
Gas involved with phenols
CO2
128
Compound formed when mixture of salicylic acid and methanol was dehydrated with sulfuric acid
Methyl salicylate
129
Odor of the compound formed when mixture of salicylic acid and methanol was dehydrated with sulfuric acid
Mint
130
Chemical name
Aspirin
IUPAC: 2-acetoxybenzoic acid
131
Reagents in the synthesis of aspirin
Salicylic acid and acetic anhydride
132
Compute for the theoritical yield of aspirin: 5g of salicylic acid and 5 ml of acetic anhydride.
133
What gas evolved in the reaction of acetamide and sodium hydroxide?
NH3 , ammonia
134
Odor of ammonia
Urine like pungent odor
135
Product of the acetamide and sodium hydroxide reaction
Sodium acetate /
Sodium ethanoate
136
In the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of acetamide, where does the needed nitric acid come from?
From sodium nitrite and sulfuric acid
137
Gas evolved in the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of acetamide
Nitrogen
138
Organic product in the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of acetamide
Acetic acid
139
Identify the compound
Urea
140
Urea + nitric acid
Urea nitrate
141
Appearance of urea nitrate
White precipitate
142
Urea + oxalic acid
Urea oxalate
143
Appearance of urea oxalate
White precipitate
144
What is formed when you heat urea?
Biuret
145
Gas evolved in the biuret process
NH3 , ammonia
146
Effect of the buiret gas on litmus paper
Red to blue
147
Appearance of biuret
White hard crystals
148
Reagents used in Biuret test
NaOH solution, Cupric sulfate
Biuret
149
Confirmatory color if product is positive of biuret
Violet
150
Color of reaction to unheated urea
Blue
151
Responsible for the violet color in positive results
Peptide-like chain in the biuret (CHON) which forms complex with Cu+2 ion
152
Gas evolved in the reaction of nitrous acid on urea
Nitrogen and carbon dioxide
153
Where did nitric acid come from in the reaction?
From NaNo2 and HCl
154
Gas evolved from the reaction of urea and sodium hydroxide?
NH3 , ammonia
155
Odor of ammonia
Urine-like , pungent
156
Effect of ammonia on litmus paper
Red to blue
157
Effect of aniline on litmus paper
Red to blue
158
Aniline (basic solution) + ferric chloride
resulting color
From orange to forest green
159
Where did aniline get an hydroxy group attached to it?
From the distilled water that was added to it.
160
Aniline + HCl yields
Anilinium chloride
161
Aniline + bromine water
2,4,6-tribromoaniline
162
Appearance of 2,4,6-tribromoaniline
Milky white with brown globules
163
The process of converting the salt of an aromatic amine to the corresponding salt by dissolving the amine in dilute aq. Acid and aq. Sodium nitrite
Diazotization
164
Condition nessesary for diazotization
0-5’C low temperature
165
Why should the temperature be kept low?
To minimize the decomposition of the diazonium salt and the nitric acidTo minimize the decomposition of the diazonium salt and the nitric acid
166
Aniline + HCl + NaNO2 + low temp
Benzene diazoniumchloride
167
Benzene diazoniumchloride + heat
Phenol + Nitrogen + HCl
168
In coupling and formation of dyes, benzene diazoniumchloride was mixed wth phenol to produce what color?
Yellow
169
Chemical responsible in coupling and formation of dyes
p-hydroxyazobenzene
170
In coupling and formation of dyes, benzene diazoniumchloride was mixed wth resorcinol to produce what color?
Orange
171
Chemical responsible
Benzeneazoresorcinol
172
Complete name of your laboratory preceptor.
1. Mr. Marnan T. Libres
2. Mme. Jocelyn Rosiefila Zabala Gonzales
