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Chemistry Finals Reviewer Flashcards

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1
Q

Name of the experiment performed using this setup

A

Properties of Alkanes and Alkynes

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2
Q

What organic compound was formed by reacting calcium carbide with water?

A

Acetylene gas

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3
Q

Write the IUPAC name of acetylene.

A

Ethyne

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4
Q

Draw the structure of acetylene.

A
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5
Q

Method used to collect acetylene.

A

Water displacement method

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6
Q

Test used to distinguish alkanes from alkenes or alkynes.

A

Baeyer’s Test for Unsaturation

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7
Q

Reagent used in Baeyer’s Test

A

Potassium permanganate (KMnO4)

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8
Q

Color of potassium permanganate

A

Purple

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9
Q

Hexane + KMnO4 = ?

A

No reaction

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10
Q

Why didn’t hexane react with potassium permanganate?

A

Hexane is a saturated hydrocarbon.

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11
Q

Confirmatory product of acetylene and KMnO4 reaction.

A

MnO2 (Manganese dioxide)

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12
Q

Color of Manganese dioxide

A

Brown

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13
Q

What catalyst was needed for the hexane to react with bromine?

A

Sunlight (UV)

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14
Q

Type of Reaction between hexane, bromine, and UV.

A

Substitution reaction

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15
Q

Organic compound formed from the reaction of hexane, bromine, and UV.

A

Bromohexane

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16
Q

Type of reaction between acetylene and bromine.

A

Addition reaction

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17
Q

Organic compound formed between the reaction of acetylene and bromine.

A

Tetrabromoethane

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18
Q

Describe the color change of bromine when it reacted with acetylene and with hexane (with UV).

A

Went from yellow to colorless.

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19
Q

Organic product formed from the reaction of hexane and iodine.

A

Iodohexane

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20
Q

Confirmatory color of iodohexane

A

Purple

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21
Q

Flame color of hexane

A

Orange

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22
Q

Products of complete combustion of hydrocarbons.

A

CO2, H2O, and Heat

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23
Q

Reagents used in Formation of Cuprous acetylide

A

Acetylene and Ammonical solution of cuprous chloride

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24
Q

Color of reaction between acetylene and ammoniacal solution of cuprous chloride.

A

Chocolate brown

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25
Q

Compound responsible for the color.

A

2 NH4Cl (Ammonium Chloride?)

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26
Q

The slow decomposition of organic substances brought about by microorganisms.

A

Fermentation

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27
Q

Name of the set up.

A

Fermentation

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28
Q

Microorganism used in fermentation

A

Yeast

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29
Q

Enzymes produced by yeast

A

Invertase and Zymase

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30
Q

Protein that act as catalyst in chemical reaction.

A

Enzyme

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31
Q

Sugar used in fermentation experiment

A

Sucrose

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32
Q

Molecular formula of sucrose

A

C12H22O11

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33
Q

Reaction of Invertase to Sucrose

A

Converts sucrose to glucose and fructose.

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34
Q

Molecular formula of glucose and fructose

A

C6H12O6

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35
Q

Glucose and Fructose have the same molecular formula, making them isomers. What primarily is the difference between the two?

A

Glucose has an aldehyde group making it an aldose. Fructose has a ketone group making it a ketose.

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36
Q

Reaction of zymase to glucose and fructose.

A

Converts glucose and fructose to ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide.

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37
Q

Main product of fermentation.

A

Ethyl alcohol / Ethanol

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38
Q

By-product of fermentation

A

Carbon dioxide

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39
Q

Used to test the presence of carbon dioxide

A

Lime water
Ca(OH)2

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40
Q

Confirmatory product of CO2

A

White precipitate

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41
Q

Compound name of the white precipitate.

A

CaCO3
Calcium carbonate

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42
Q

Used to test the presence of ethyl alcohol

A

Iodoform test

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43
Q

Confirmatory result in Iodoform test

A

Yellow precipitate

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44
Q

Chemical Formula of iodoform

A

CHI3

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45
Q

Test for the presence of sugar

A

Benedict’s Test

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46
Q

Confirmatory product of Benedict’s Test

A

Cu2O

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47
Q

Color of the Benedict’s test

A

Results may vary.
2%++ Brick red
1.5-2% Red
1-1.5% Orange
0.5-1% Yellow
0.1-0.5% Green

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48
Q

Compound used to dehydrate ethyl alcohol to yield 100% ethanol

A

CaC2
Calcium carbide

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49
Q

Purpose of heating the set up

A

To speed up the reaction

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50
Q

Compound used to test for water in alcohol

A

Anhydrous copper sulfate
CuSO4

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51
Q

Color of anhydrous copper sulfate

A

White

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52
Q

Change of color of copper sulfate from white to blue indicates…

A

Presence of water

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53
Q

The general reactants in esterification

A

Alcohol and carboxylic acid

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54
Q

Purpose of sulfuric acid in the esterification reaction

A

Dehydration or removal of water molecule.

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55
Q

Ester formed from ethanol and acetic acid

A

Ethyl acetate
IUPAC: ethyl ethanoate

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56
Q

Odor of ethyl acetate

A

Plastic balloon

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57
Q

Ester formed from the reaction of salicylic acid and methanol

A

Methyl salicylate

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58
Q

Odor of methyl salicylate

A

Mint

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59
Q

Another name for methyl salicylate

A

Oil of wintergreen

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60
Q

Reagents used in oxidation of alcohols

A

Alcohol, potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7, sulfuric acid

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61
Q

Oxidizing agent in the oxidation of alcohols

A

Potassium dichromate
K2Cr2O7

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62
Q

Color of potassium dichromate

A

Orange

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63
Q

Purpose of potassium dichromate

A

Oxidizing agent

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64
Q

Oxidation of primary alcohols will yield what organic product

A

Carboxylic acid

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65
Q

Oxidation of ethyl alcohol will yield

A

Ethanoic acid / acetic acid

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66
Q

Oxidation of secondary alcohols will yield what organic product

A

Ketone

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67
Q

Oxidation of Isopropyl alcohol will yield

A

Propanone
CN: acetone

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68
Q

Oxidation of tertiary alcohols will yield

A

No product. Tertiary alcohols do not get oxidized.

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69
Q

Color change of potassium dichromate in the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols

A

orange to blue green

70
Q

Name of test where the hydroxyl group (-OH) is replaced with a halogen

A

Lucas Test

71
Q

Catalyst used in Lucas Test

A

ZnCl2
Zinc Chloride

72
Q

Confirmatory reaction of Lucas Test

A

Formation of cloudy white precipitate

73
Q

Arrange in increasing order of reactivity the alcohols used in the experiments

A

1st - tert-butyl (tertiary)
2nd - isopropyl (secondary)
3rd - ethyl (primary)

74
Q

Ether formed by dehydrating ethanol

A

Diethyl ether
IUPAC: ethoxy ethane

75
Q

Purpose of sulfuric acid in the reaction

A

Dehydrating agent

76
Q

Main use of diethyl ether

A

General anesthetic

77
Q

Odor of diethyl ether

A

Sweet

78
Q

Name of compound that reacts with phenols and give a violet-colored reaction.

A

Ferric chloride
FeCl3

79
Q

Name of the test for phenols

A

Ferric chloride test

80
Q

Is the test specific for Phenols?

A

NO, because it also yields a positive result for salicylic acid which is a carboxylic acid.

81
Q

Confirmation that there is a phenol group in the compound being tested.

A

Change of color to violet

82
Q

A 37-40% solution of formaldehyde is called…

A

Formalin solution

83
Q

Odor of formaldehyde

A

Pungent irritating odor

84
Q

State some uses of formaldehyde

A

For hardening and preserving albuminous tissues;
Embalming agent;
Disinfectant
Food preservation

85
Q

Name of test wherein aldehydes will restore the reagent’s magenta red color; general test for the detection of aldehydes

A

Schiff’s Test

86
Q

Solution used in Schiff’s test and its color

A

Schiff’s solution - colorless

87
Q

Aldehydes restore Schiff’s solution’s magenta red color. Why can’t ketones do the same?

A

Ketones do not possess reducing property.

88
Q

Result while acetone was mixed with Schiff’s solution

A

White cloud precipitate on top.

89
Q

Resulting color of the reaction when formaldehyde was mixed when Schiff’s solution.

A

Purple

90
Q

Resulting color of the reaction when benzaldehyde was mixed when Schiff’s solution.

A

Light purple

91
Q

What was found at the junction of the two layers of formalin, resorcinol and conc. sulfuric acid solution?

A

Red flocculent precipitate

92
Q

Unique test for formaldehydes

A

Resorcinol test

93
Q

Effect of formaldehyde on gelatin

A

Makes gelatin insoluble to water

94
Q

Another name for silver mirror test

A

Tollen’s test

95
Q

What organic compound group gives positive result to the Tollen test?

A

Aldehydes

96
Q

Confirmatory positive test results of aldehydes in Tollen’s test

A

Formation of silver mirror

97
Q

Another name for Tollen’s reagent

A

Ammoniacal solution of silver nitrate

98
Q

Chemical formula of Tollen’s reagent

A

Ag(NH3)2OH

99
Q

Resulting product when formaldehyde is oxidized

A

Formic acid
IUPAC: methanoic acid

100
Q

Gas by-product in Tollen’s Test

A

NH3 , ammonia

101
Q

Test where only aliphatic aldehydes will give a positive result

A

Fehling’s Test

102
Q

Color of positive result of Fehlings test

A

Dark Brown

103
Q

Responsible for the dark brown color in the fehling’s test

A

CU2O

104
Q

Oxidation of aldehydes will give…

A

Carboxylic acid

105
Q

Specific test for benzaldehyde

A

Auto-oxidation of benzaldehyde

106
Q

Intermediate product in the auto-oxidation of benzaldehyde.

A

Perbenzoic acid

107
Q

Chemical formula of the intermediate product un the auto-oxidation of benzaldehyd

A

C6H5COOOH

108
Q

Final product in the auto-oxidation of benzaldehyde

A

Benzoic acid

109
Q

Methyl ketone + Iodine in a basic environment will yield what confirmatory product.

A

CHI3
Iodoform

110
Q

Give the solubility of the following acids:

Acetic acid
Benzoic acid
Stearic acid

A

Soluble
Slightly soluble
Insoluble

111
Q

Main factor in the determination of solubility of carboxylic acids in water

A

Number of carbons

112
Q

Oxidizing agent used to oxidize the carboxylic acids

A

Potassium permanganate KMnO4

113
Q

Confirmatory color if the carboxylic acids were oxidized and the responsible chemical

A

Brown, Mn2+ (Manganese)

114
Q

Of the four carboxylic acids used in the experiment, which were oxidized by the potassium permanganate?

A

Formic acid and oxalic acid

115
Q

Acetic acid + KMnO4

Benzoic acid + KMnO4 =

A

No reaction

116
Q

Product when salicylic acid reacted when ferric chloride

A

Iron (III) salicylate

117
Q

In the reaction of salicylic acid to ferric chloride, was it because of the phenol group or carboxylic acid group present in the molecule?

A

Phenol group

118
Q

What was the color of the resulting compound in the reaction of salicylic acid to ferric chloride?

A

Ferric chloride give red to purple color in phenolic compounds

119
Q

Salicylic acid + bromine water yields what color of precipitate

A

Cloudy white precipitate because bromine decolorizes on reaction with salicylic acid.

120
Q

Name of compound formed between Salicylic acid + bromine water

A

2,4,6-tribromophenol

121
Q

Millon’s reagent chemical formula

A

HgN2O6

122
Q

Resulting color when Millon’s reagent is mixed with salicylic acid

A

Red / brick red

123
Q

Chemical responsible

A

C6H4COOOHg
Mercuric salt of perbenzoic acid

124
Q

Millon’s reagent reacts with salicylic acid to give a brick red / red color primary because of which functional group present in salicylic acid?

A

Phenol group

125
Q

Resulting organic compound when mixture of salicylic acid and soda lime was heated.

A

Phenol

126
Q

Odor of phenol

A

Pastelike odor

127
Q

Gas involved with phenols

A

CO2

128
Q

Compound formed when mixture of salicylic acid and methanol was dehydrated with sulfuric acid

A

Methyl salicylate

129
Q

Odor of the compound formed when mixture of salicylic acid and methanol was dehydrated with sulfuric acid

A

Mint

130
Q

Chemical name

A

Aspirin
IUPAC: 2-acetoxybenzoic acid

131
Q

Reagents in the synthesis of aspirin

A

Salicylic acid and acetic anhydride

132
Q

Compute for the theoritical yield of aspirin: 5g of salicylic acid and 5 ml of acetic anhydride.

A
133
Q

What gas evolved in the reaction of acetamide and sodium hydroxide?

A

NH3 , ammonia

134
Q

Odor of ammonia

A

Urine like pungent odor

135
Q

Product of the acetamide and sodium hydroxide reaction

A

Sodium acetate /
Sodium ethanoate

136
Q

In the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of acetamide, where does the needed nitric acid come from?

A

From sodium nitrite and sulfuric acid

137
Q

Gas evolved in the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of acetamide

A

Nitrogen

138
Q

Organic product in the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of acetamide

A

Acetic acid

139
Q

Identify the compound

A

Urea

140
Q

Urea + nitric acid

A

Urea nitrate

141
Q

Appearance of urea nitrate

A

White precipitate

142
Q

Urea + oxalic acid

A

Urea oxalate

143
Q

Appearance of urea oxalate

A

White precipitate

144
Q

What is formed when you heat urea?

A

Biuret

145
Q

Gas evolved in the biuret process

A

NH3 , ammonia

146
Q

Effect of the buiret gas on litmus paper

A

Red to blue

147
Q

Appearance of biuret

A

White hard crystals

148
Q

Reagents used in Biuret test

A

NaOH solution, Cupric sulfate
Biuret

149
Q

Confirmatory color if product is positive of biuret

A

Violet

150
Q

Color of reaction to unheated urea

A

Blue

151
Q

Responsible for the violet color in positive results

A

Peptide-like chain in the biuret (CHON) which forms complex with Cu+2 ion

152
Q

Gas evolved in the reaction of nitrous acid on urea

A

Nitrogen and carbon dioxide

153
Q

Where did nitric acid come from in the reaction?

A

From NaNo2 and HCl

154
Q

Gas evolved from the reaction of urea and sodium hydroxide?

A

NH3 , ammonia

155
Q

Odor of ammonia

A

Urine-like , pungent

156
Q

Effect of ammonia on litmus paper

A

Red to blue

157
Q

Effect of aniline on litmus paper

A

Red to blue

158
Q

Aniline (basic solution) + ferric chloride
resulting color

A

From orange to forest green

159
Q

Where did aniline get an hydroxy group attached to it?

A

From the distilled water that was added to it.

160
Q

Aniline + HCl yields

A

Anilinium chloride

161
Q

Aniline + bromine water

A

2,4,6-tribromoaniline

162
Q

Appearance of 2,4,6-tribromoaniline

A

Milky white with brown globules

163
Q

The process of converting the salt of an aromatic amine to the corresponding salt by dissolving the amine in dilute aq. Acid and aq. Sodium nitrite

A

Diazotization

164
Q

Condition nessesary for diazotization

A

0-5’C low temperature

165
Q

Why should the temperature be kept low?

A

To minimize the decomposition of the diazonium salt and the nitric acidTo minimize the decomposition of the diazonium salt and the nitric acid

166
Q

Aniline + HCl + NaNO2 + low temp

A

Benzene diazoniumchloride

167
Q

Benzene diazoniumchloride + heat

A

Phenol + Nitrogen + HCl

168
Q

In coupling and formation of dyes, benzene diazoniumchloride was mixed wth phenol to produce what color?

A

Yellow

169
Q

Chemical responsible in coupling and formation of dyes

A

p-hydroxyazobenzene

170
Q

In coupling and formation of dyes, benzene diazoniumchloride was mixed wth resorcinol to produce what color?

A

Orange

171
Q

Chemical responsible

A

Benzeneazoresorcinol

172
Q

Complete name of your laboratory preceptor.

A
  1. Mr. Marnan T. Libres
  2. Mme. Jocelyn Rosiefila Zabala Gonzales

Chemistry (1 decks)

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