Chemistry Final

Question 1

Mass

Answer 1

is just the amount of matter

Question 2

Volume

Answer 2

is how much space it takes up.

Question 3

Atom

Answer 3

is the smallest whole particle which we call elements.

Question 4

Compound

Answer 4

is atoms bonded together to make molecules.

Question 5

extensive properties

Answer 5

depend on how much stuff there is

Question 6

intensive properties

Answer 6

do not depend on how much stuff there is

Question 7

physical properties

Answer 7

can be seen without changing what the chemical is made from or changing of the chemical bonds

Question 8

chemical property

Answer 8

can be seen only by changing what the chemical is made from or changing the chemical bonds

Question 8

reactants

Answer 8

what you start with before a chemical reaction

Question 9

mixtures

Answer 9

two or more substances blended together, but are not reacting together

Question 10

products

Answer 10

what you have after all the reactants react

Question 11

groups

Answer 11

down in columns

Question 12

periods

Answer 12

rows

Question 13

base units

Answer 13

mass, length, temperature: usual units from measurement

Question 14

derived units

Answer 14

density, molar mass, area, volume: units from calculation we will do many of these

Question 15

accurate

Answer 15

you are closer to the actual value

Question 16

precise

Answer 16

that all of your attempts are grouped close together or that there are more decimal places to the measurement

Question 17

directly proportional

Answer 17

when divided they give a constant value

Question 18

undirectly proportional

Answer 18

when multiplied they give a constant value

Question 19

nucular forces

Answer 19

Forces that hold the similarly charged particles in the nucleus

Question 20

atomic #

Answer 20

of protons in nucleus

Question 21

average atomic mass

Answer 21

average weighted mass of its natural isotopes

Question 22

isotopes

Answer 22

differ for the same element from the number of neutrons present in the nucleus

Question 23

mass #

Answer 23

of protons + neutrons

Question 24

molar mass

Answer 24

or the decimal number at the bottom of any periodic table

Question 25

electromagnetic radiation

Answer 25

comes in many different forms and they make the electromagnetic spectrum

Question 26

principle quantum number

Answer 26

which is just the energy level of atoms.

Question 27

electron cinfiguration

Answer 27

show the arrangement of electrons in an atom is

Question 28

highest occupied level

Answer 28

highest occupied level

Question 29

inter shell electrons

Answer 29

The electrons that are not in the highest occupied level

Question 30

noble gas notation

Answer 30

We can use a symbol of the previous levels noble gas to represent most if not all the inner-shell electrons

Question 31

periodicy

Answer 31

There is a repeating pattern to the periodic table because of the arrangement of their electrons

Question 32

cation

Answer 32

gained electrons

Question 33

anion

Answer 33

lost electrons

Question 34

valence electrons

Answer 34

the highest occupied energy level electrons in the main group elements.

Question 35

atomic radii

Answer 35

The increasing number of protons pulls the electrons tighter.
The higher energy levels are further from the nucleus.

Question 36

ionization energy

Answer 36

Since the atom is smaller as you go across the electrons are more tightly held and it requires more energy to remove.
Since the atom is bigger the outer electron is held more loosely so requires less energy.

Question 37

ionic radii

Answer 37

For the metals, they will shrink from their atom’s size as they lose electrons and therefore their outer shell. For nonmetals, they will gain electrons pushing their shell more outward increasing their size.
As there are more energy levels moving down, the ion will seem to grow.

Question 39

electronegitivity

Answer 39

Due to smaller size, the nucleus is closer to the surface as you move across the table.
Since the atom becomes larger, the nucleus is further away from the surface making it harder to attract electrons

Question 40

three types of chemical bonds

Answer 40

ionic covalent metalic

Question 41

ionic bond

Answer 41

metal and nonmetal

Question 42

metalic

Answer 42

metal and metal

Question 43

covalent

Answer 43

nonmetal and nonmetal

Question 44

polar

Answer 44

diference in electronegitivity

Question 45

nonpolar

Answer 45

same in electronegitivity

Question 46

ionic compounds

Answer 46

are positive and negative ions combined so the number of positive and negative charges is equal

Question 47

ionic bonding

Answer 47

results in the structure being a lattice

Question 48

Ionic compounds have

Answer 48

very high melting points, most are solids at room temperature, hard but brittle, can conduct electricity in molten or dissolved form

Question 49

covalent bonds have

Answer 49

the opposite properties than the ionic compounds

Question 50

polyatomic ions

Answer 50

covalently bonded ions

Question 51

signs of a chemical reaction

Answer 51

Evolution of heat and/or light
Production of gas
Forming of a precipitate (solid)
color change

Question 52

how to calculate molar mass

Answer 52

it is the sum of the parts

Question 53

persentage composition

Answer 53

Mass of element in a sample of the compound x 100% = % of element in compound
Mass of sample of compound

Question 54

sythesis

Answer 54

a+x=ax

Question 55

decomposition

Answer 55

ax=a+x

Question 56

single replacement

Answer 56

A + BX → AX + B or

Y + BX → BY + X

Question 57

double replacement

Answer 57

AX + BY → AY + BX

Question 58

combustion

Answer 58

a carbon compound with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.