Chemistry Final Flashcards
1
Q
Used chemicals and herbs for medical purposes
A
Apothecaries
2
Q
Published an organized list of the 33 known elements
A
Antoine Lavoisier
3
Q
First to theorize matter was composed of indivisible atoms
A
Democritus
4
Q
First to isolate an element (P) through scientific inquiry
A
Hennig Brand
5
Q
Tried to convert invaluable materials into gold
A
Alchemists
6
Q
Extracted elements from ore and created alloys
A
Metallurgy
7
Q
Ratio of amount of mass per volume of space occupied
A
Density
8
Q
Resistance to changing shape, measured on the Mohs scale
A
Hardness
9
Q
Ability to transfer energy
A
Conductivity
10
Q
Able to be hammered into sheets without breaking apart
A
Malleability
11
Q
Ease in changing from solid to liquid to gas
A
Phase Transition
12
Q
Derived from electron potential energy
A
Electrical
13
Q
Total motion of atoms and molecules
A
Thermal
14
Q
Stored within the protons and neutrons of atoms
A
Nuclear
15
Q
Visible light is a type of this energy
A
Electromagnetic
16
Q
Stored within the bonds holding atoms together
A
Chemical
17
Q
Lighting a bunsen burner (Chemical or Physical Change?)
A
Chemical
18
Q
Boiling water (Chemical or Physical Change?)
A
Physical
19
Q
Rusting of metal (Chemical or Physical Change?)
A
Chemical
20
Q
Butter melting (Chemical or Physical Change?)
A
Physical
21
Q
Compound or Element? S8
A
Element
22
Q
Compound or Element? MgO
A
Compund
23
Q
Compound or Element? Fe
A
Element
24
Q
Undefined shape and comprehensible form of matter
A
Gas
25
Defined shape and incomprehensible form of matter
Solid
26
Undefined shape and incomprehensible form of matter?
Liquid
27
Particles have minimal motion with only local vibrations
Solid
28
Particles move freely and do not interact with each other
Gas
29
Particles can move about, but still collectively interact
Liquid
30
Is based on qualities- ice is cold, iron is denser than H2O etc.
Qualitative
31
Is based on numbers- 21.1 degrees C
Quantitative
32
An organic chemist might be found studying the natural reactions of H2O and SO2 (T or F?)
False, because organic chemistry studies carbon.
33
An Inorganic chemist might take a man made form of carbohydrates (sugar) like splenda. (T or F?)
False, because inorganic chemistry studies things that are not carbon based.
34
A biochemist might study the interactions between lipids and proteins. (T or F?)
True,
35
A physical chemist might develop techniques to purify a sample of water (T or F?)
False, because they study energy of a reaction
36
An analytical chemist might measure the amount of arsenic
True
37
looks like a big measuring cup
Beaker, not quantitative
38
looks like a test tube
Graduated cylinder, quantitative
39
Looks like a shot
Buret, quantitative
40
(T or F?) The air we breathe (Nitrogen and Oxygen) forms a homogeneous mixture
True
41
(T or F?) An objects mass would be considered an extensive property of matter?
True
42
(T or F?) Compounds can be separated by physical methods to form elements
False
43
(T or F?) An ion is a type of atom which contains a different number of neutrons
False
44
(T or F?) Macroscopically we observe rust to form because microscopically iron atoms react with oxygen molecules
True
45
Rewrite the number in scientific notation and rewrite using the nearest SI prefix: 1,080,000 m
1. 08 x 10^6m
| 1. 08Mm
46
Rewrite the number in scientific notation and rewrite using the nearest SI prefix: 0.00000120
1. 20 x 10^-6 sec
| 1. 20MSec
47
Rewrite the number in scientific notation and rewrite using the nearest SI prefix:
5. 60 x 10^-2L
| 5. 60cL
48
(2.98 x 10^601 ms) - (2.2 x 10^600 ms)
2.76 x 10^601 ms
49
(6.199 x 10^725 kg) + (4.1 x 10^725 kg)
1.03 x 10^726
50
(2.9 x 10^12 cm) x (1.985 x 10^14 cm)
5.8 x 10^26 cm^2
51
(6.25 x 10^850 Mg) / (7 x 10 ^200 cL)
8.93 x 10^649 Mg/cL
52
Multiplication = division
Division = subtraction
53
Mega
1,000,000
54
Kilo
1,000
55
Centi
100
56
Deci
1/10
57
Milli
1/100
58
Micro
1/1,000,000
59
Elements that can form a number of various charges
Transition Metals
60
Ionic compound coordinated to a number of water molecules
Hydrates
61
A molecule that can also be found in an ionic compound
Polyatomic Ion
62
Comprises 70% of the periodic table
Metals
63
Substance that can donate a hydrogen ion when dissolved
Acids
64
Substance that can donate a hydroxide ion when dissolved
Bases
65
Simplest ratio of ions found in an ionic compound
Formula Unit
66
3-D repeating pattern of cations/anions found in ionic compounds
Crystal lattice
67
Can be found in both molecules and ionic compounds
Non-metals
68
Common arrangement of atoms with similar properties
Functional group
69
(T or F?) Organic chemicals are said to be hydrocarbons
True
70
(T or F?) Hydrogen gas is monatomic and found to naturally exist as single H atoms
False
71
(T or F?) The atoms of all compounds can be arranged in various combinations (ex: MgCl vs. MgCl2)
False
72
(T or F?) Chloric acid has a different number of oxygens than the perchloric acid
True
73
(T or F?) Ions in ionic compounds always form in specific ratios depending on their charges
True
74
(T or F?) The chemical formula of an ionic compound is always in the form of the simplest ratio
True
75
(T or F?) Iron (II) Chloride is chemically identical to Iron (III) Chloride
False
76
(T or F?) Ionic compounds can be identified by their relatively low melting temperatures.
False
77
Robert Millikan used the cathode ray tube experiment to determine the charge/mass of an electron
False,
78
(T or F?) reactions result from rearranging atoms; supported by Lavoisier's Conservation of mass
True
79
(T or F?) Robert Millikan used the oil drop experiment to discover the existence of neutrons
False
80
(T or F?) Atoms can convert to ions by either varying the number of charged protons or electrons
False
81
(T or F?) ernest rutherford used the gold foil experiment to discover the nucleus of the atom
True
82
(T or F?)ionic compounds are always compounds, but this is not always true about molecules
True
83
(T or F?) anions are always negatively charged
True
84
(T or F?) marie curie discovered radioactivity showing some elements decay quickly
True
85
(T or F?)chlorine-35 has 2 more neutrons than chlorine-37 so they chemically react differently
False
86
(T or F?) the atomic mass only includes protons and neutrons because electrons have no atoms
False
87
(T or F?)isotopes have the same number of protons, but varying number of neutrons
True
88
(T or F?) the atoms of a molecule are arranged in alternating pattern of positive and negative ions
False
89
(T or F?) vertical columns are called periods because their elects have similar properties
False
90
(T or F?) molecules can be identified by their inability to conduct electricity when dissolved in water
True
91
(T or F?) aluminum can form the Al+3 ion, indicating it has gained 3 electrons
False
92
the table
yay
93
naming formulas
| CdF2
cadmium difloride
94
naming formulas
| KNO3
potassium Nitrate
95
naming formulas
| H3PO4
hydrogen ____phospahte
96
naming formulas
| B2O5
Dibaron Pentaoxide
97
chemical formulas
| magnesium sulfide
Mg2S2 = MgS (2 cancel each other out)
98
chemical formulas
| Hydrochloric acid
HCl
99
chemical formulas
| Copper (II) chloride hexahydroxide
CuCl2 6H2O
100
```
chemical formulas
ammonium oxide (ammonium is NH4+1)
```
(NH4)O2
101
atomic line spectra indicate electrons can only occupy certain energy levels
Niels Bohr
102
described electrons energy and location probability with 4 quantum numbers
Erwin Schrodinger
103
visible light is a type of electromagnetic wave
James Maxwell
104
energy is quantized and can only transferred in precise quantities
Max Planck
105
impossible to know an lecterns position and momentum perfectly
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
106
electrons posses particle and wave properties
de Broglie's hypothesis
107
photoelectric effect can be explained if considering particle nature of light (photons)
Albert Einstein
108
electron spin
Ms
109
type of orbital the electron is found
l
110
relative distance to the nucleus
N
111
which specific orbital an electron is in
Ml
112
heating up a substance can produce light(photons). what is causing the emission of the photons?
electrons relaxing back down to a ground state energy level.
113
considering its green color, what can we say about how light waves interact with the chemicals in grass?
the grass absorbs all other colors but, green. so it reflects the green light/color
