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Chemistry > Chemistry final > Flashcards

Chemistry final Flashcards

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1
Q

Chemical Bond

A

attractons between nuclei of one atom and the valence electrons of another atom

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2
Q

Ionic bond

A

Transfer electrons
Metal and nonmetal

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3
Q

Cation

A

Positive ion

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4
Q

Anion

A

Negative ion

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5
Q

Octet rule

A

Atoms must have 8 valence electrons

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6
Q

Polyatomic ions

A

2 or more different atoms covalently bonded together with an overall charge

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7
Q

Transition metal ions

A

Capable of forming more than one cation with a different ionic charge
ex: Iron(II), Fe(OH)2

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8
Q

Lattice energy

A

Energy required to completely separate a solid ionic compound into ions.

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9
Q

Ionic solids

A

Composed of cations and anions held together by electrostatic forces
ex: (CsCl) (ZnS)

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10
Q

Conductivity

A

Allows charged particles to flow through it with out significant resistance

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11
Q

Metallic solids

A

Solids composed of metal atoms that are held together by metallic bonds

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12
Q

Metallic bonds

A

Bond between metals

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13
Q

Interstitial Alloys

A

Different metal occupies interstitial spaces (holes) in the lattice structure (Fill in)

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14
Q

Substitutional Alloys

A

Atoms of one metal are substituted by atoms of another metal (Substitute)

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15
Q

Covalent bonding

A

Metal+nonmetal

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16
Q

Electronegativity

A

Ability of an atom to attract electrons when bonded with another atom

17
Q

Nonpolar covalent bonds

A

Atoms with equal pull bonding electrons SHARED EQUALLY

18
Q

Polar covalent bonds

A

Bonding electrons are SHARED UNEQUALLY, creating a dipole

19
Q

7 diatomic elements

A

Hydrogen nitrogen
oxygen fluorine
chlorine bromine
iodine

20
Q

Dipole moments

A

Measure of polarity of a chemical bond between 2 atoms in a molecule

21
Q

Bond length

A

Distance between the centers of 2 covalently bonded atoms

22
Q

Strength of polarity

A

Determined by the magnitude of the difference in electronegativity

23
Q

Lewis Structure

A

Representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule

24
Q

Formal charge

A

(valence e-s)-(dots)-(lines)
describes charges if all atoms shared perfectly equally.

25
Q

Octet rule exceptions

A

Ions or molecules with less than an octet (Boron)
Ionc or molecules with more than 8 valence electrons (expended octet) (Phosphorus, Sulfur Selenium)

26
Q

Polar molecules

A

Molecule where one end is slightly positive and one end is slightly negative

27
Q

Covalent solids

A

Discrete individual molecules held together by weak intermolecular forces

Chemistry (1 decks)

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