Chemistry & Energy - Biological Molecules

Question 1

What are biological molecules?

Answer 1

They’re the building blocks for every living thing to survive.

Question 2

What are the biological molecules?

Answer 2

Carbohydrates,
Lipids,
Proteins,
Nucleic acids.
   (these first three make up all foods)

Question 3

What is the chemical formula for Urea, the prime substance in urine? What special characteristic does it have?

Answer 3

CO(NH2)2,

In the presence of water, urea lets off ammonia, which is why your pee smells.

Question 4

Carbohydrates

Answer 4

They are the source of all energy.

Question 5

Carbohydrates are made up of _____, and the simplest of them are called _______.

Answer 5

Sugars,

Monosaccarides (mono- meaning one, -saccaride meaning sugar).

Question 6

The sugar, Glucose:

Answer 6

• is a monosaccaride.
• formula: C6H12O6
• it’s the most fundamental, comes from the sun.
• all energy is originally glucose, captured by the sun inside plants through photosynthesis.

Question 7

The sugar, Fructose:

Answer 7

• is a monosaccaride
• formula: C6H12O6, same as Glucose’s but arranged differently.
• the chemical difference of arrangement results in fructose being significantly sweeter, and it’s also processed by our body differently than with glucose.

Question 8

All biological energy is the results of either __________ or __________.

Answer 8

…photosynthesis, or chemosynthesis.

Question 9

The sugar, disaccharides:

Answer 9

• …are just two monosaccarides put together.
• are little portions of energy.
• are easy for our bodies to process.

Question 10

A practice example and explained bond of a disaccharide:

STOPPED AT 5:00.

Answer 10

Sucrose,

- is a fructose and a glucose put together by a covalent bond.