Chemistry: Electron Arrangement Flashcards
What are electrons found within?
orbitals
What are orbitals?
region in space where one is likely to find an electron
What shape is an s orbital?
spherical
What shape is a p orbital?
dumbbell
What shape is a d orbital?
four leaf clover
State the Aufbau principle
electrons enter lowest available energy level
State Paulis Exclusion Principle
no orbital can hold more than two electrons
State Hunds rule
orbitals of same energy level fill singly before repairing- due to repulsion
How many electrons can an orbital hold?
two electrons
What are the four types of orbitals
s/p/d/f-orbital
How many electrons can s orbitals hold?
2
How many electrons can be held in the p-sub-level?
6 (2 in each group of 3)
How many electrons can the d-sub-level hold?
10 (2 in each group of 5)
How are orbitals filled?
in order of increasing energy
Write the order in which orbitals fill
1s / 2s / 2p / 3s / 3p / 4s / 3d / 4p / 5s / 4d / 5p / 6s / 4f / 5d
What are the two exceptions to the trend in electron configurations?
chromium and copper
What is the electronic configuration for copper?
1s2 / 2s2 / 2p6 / 3s2 / 3p6 / 3d10 / 4s1
What is the electronic configuration for chromium?
1s2 / 2s2 / 2p6 / 3s2 / 3p6 / 3d5 / 4s1
Why do copper and chromium deviate from what is expected in electronic configuration?
-electron moves from 4s sub level to produce 1/2 filled 3d or completely filled 3d sub level
-provides atom with greater stability, favourable
