Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Board Exam > Chemistry Concepts > Flashcards

Chemistry Concepts Flashcards

Organic and Biochemistry

1
Q

Also called paraffins

A

Alkanes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Also called olefins

A

Alkenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Total carbon atoms of alkanes in gas state under ambient conditions

A

1 to 4 C atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Total carbon atoms of alkanes in liquid state under ambient conditions

A

5 to 17 C atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Total carbon atoms of alkanes in solid state under ambient conditions

A

> 18 C atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

It is the conversion of ammonium cyanate to urea

A

Wohler Synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Use of Na in dry ether to combine alkyl halides in coupling reaction

A

Wurtz Synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Reaction for preparing asymmetrical ethers

A

Williamson synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How can you differentiate alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes

A

Reaction with Br2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ability of carbon to form bonds with another carbon atom

A

Catenation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Structures wherein electrons are localized in covalent bonds

A

Lewis Structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Structures wherein electrons are delocalized in covalent bonds

A

Resonance Structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Every Lewis structure applicable to all movements of electrons in a molecule

A

Contributing structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Combination of all contributing structures that represents the true structure

A

Resonance hybrid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Umbrella term for different compounds with the same molecular formula

A

Isomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Isomers that differ in atomic connectivity

A

Constitutional isomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Isomers that differ in spatial arrangement of atoms

A

Stereoisomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Stereoisomers that are mirror images of one another and are not superimposable

A

Enantiomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Stereoisomers which have the same molecular formula and sequences of bonded elements but which are nonsuperimposable, non-mirror images

A

Diastereomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Compound where one atom donates both electrons

A

coordinate covalent compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Phenomenon wherein a permanent dipole arises in a given molecule due to the unequal sharing of the bonding electrons in the molecule. This effect can arise a sigma bonds.

A

Inductive Effect

22
Q

Delocalization of o electrons of C-H bond of alkyl group directly attached to an atom of the unsaturated system or to an atom with an unshared p orbital

A

Hyperconjugation

23
Q

The instantaneous formation of a dipole in the molecule of an organic compound with multiple bonds due to the complete transfer of shared pi electrons pairs to one of the atoms under the influence of an attacking reagent

A

Electrometric Effect

24
Q

Involves the intramolecular movement of sigma and pi bonds in a molecule

A

3,3-sigmatropic rearrangements (Cope-Hardy reaction)

25
Q

Meaning of Z-configuration in the E-Z Notational System

A

German Zusammen meaning “Together”

26
Q

Meaning of E-configuration in the E-Z Notational System

A

German entgegen meaning “Opposite”

27
Q

Meaning of the R orientation in the R-S notational system

A

R-rectus, Latin for “right” CCW configuration

28
Q

Meaning of the S orientation in the R-S notational system

A

S-sinister, Latin for “left” CCW configuration

29
Q

Properties affecting the stability of an alkane/alkene

A

In order of Priority:
No of C atoms (Inversely Proportional)
No. of substituents (Proportional)
No. of Double bonds (Proportional)

30
Q

Value of dihedral angle in gauche staggered conformation

A

60 degrees

31
Q

Value of dihedral angle in anti staggered conformation

A

180 degrees

32
Q

Solid catalyst for the hydrogenation of alkenes

A

Pt, Pd, Ni, Rh

33
Q

Catalyst for dehydration of alcohols

A

H2SO4 and H3PO4

34
Q

What types of alcohol prefers SN1

A

Secondary/tertiary alcohol

35
Q

What types of alcohol prefers SN2

A

Primary/unsubstituted alcohols

36
Q

Product of the addition of an alcohol to an aldehyde

A

Hemiacetal (Unstable)

37
Q

Product of the addition of two alcohols to an aldehyde

A

Acetal (Stable)

38
Q

Product of adding peroxyacid to aldehydes

A

Carboxylic AcidP

39
Q

Product of adding peroxyacid to ketones

A

Ester

40
Q

Compound produced by the reaction of aldehydes and ketones with HCN

A

Cyanohydrin

41
Q

Compound formed from the reaction of acids with alcohols

A

Esters

42
Q

How many double bonds are in geraniol

A

2

43
Q

States that the major product of an addition reaction will bond to the more substituted alkene

A

Markovnikov’s Rule

44
Q

States that the major product of an addition reaction will bond to the less substituted alkene

A

Anti-Markovnikov’s Rule

45
Q

States that the major product of an elimination reaction will be the most stable alkene

A

Zaitsev’s Rule

46
Q

States that the major product of an elimination reaction will be the least stable alkene

A

Hoffman’s Rule

47
Q

States that the major product of a rearrangement reaction will be the most stable alkene

A

Baldwin’s Rule

48
Q

A center where exchanging two substituents will produce a different atom

A

Stereogenic center

49
Q

Carbon atom with 4 different substituents

A

Chiral center

50
Q

Archiral compounds with multiple chiral centers

A

Meso Compounds

51
Q

What does zero degree polarize light mean?

A

There are equal amounts of two enantiomers

Board Exam (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions