Chemistry Chater 12 Flashcards
What is the general naming convention for ketones?
The common names of ketones are obtained by adding ‘ketone’ to the names of the alkyl groups attached to the carbonyl carbon, which are written alphabetically.
How is the position of groups indicated in ketones?
The positions of other groups are indicated by Greek letters.
What is the IUPAC name for 3-Propanone?
Propanone
What is the IUPAC name for CH3-CO-CH2-CH3?
2-Butanone (Butanone)
How are the IUPAC names of ketones derived?
The IUPAC names of ketones are derived from the number of carbon atoms, with the ending letter ‘-e’ replaced.
What is the laboratory method for preparing formaldehyde?
Formaldehyde is prepared by passing a mixture of methyl alcohol vapours and air over a platinum, copper, or silver catalyst at 300°C.
How are aldehydes obtained?
Aldehydes are obtained by the oxidation of primary alcohols.
How are ketones obtained?
Ketones are obtained by the oxidation of secondary alcohols or by the hydration of alkynes.
Fill in the blank: The resulting mixture from the oxidation of methyl alcohol to formaldehyde is called _______.
Formalin
What does formalin consist of?
Formalin consists of 8% formaldehyde, 52% water, and methyl alcohol.
True or False: Ketones are not given IUPAC names.
False
What is the common name for dimethyl ketone?
Acetone
What is the significance of the number of carbon atoms in naming ketones?
The number of carbon atoms determines the base name of the ketone.
What is the base for naming ketones when both alkyl groups are the same?
The ketone is said to be symmetrical.
What is the temperature required for the preparation of formaldehyde in the laboratory?
300°C
