Chemistry Chapter 17 Flashcards
1
Q
The number “23” in the picture below, is sodium’s __________.
A
Mass number
2
Q
True or False?
Each atomic symbol (element symbol) has one and only one capital letter.
A
TRUE
3
Q
Reverse Card
0
A
The charge of a neutron.
4
Q
Period trend
A
The gradual change of any property in the elements across a period in the periodic table.
5
Q
Elements in purple on the right
A
Noble gases
6
Q
Reverse Card
+1
A
The charge of a proton.
7
Q
Reverse Card
Two atoms with the same atomic number, but different atomic masses.
A
isotopes
8
Q
ALL atoms of iron have EXACTLY 26 protons. Some atoms of iron, however, have 29 neutrons, while others have 30 neutrons.
We would call these two different versions of the iron atom ______________.
A
Isotopes
9
Q
What is the charge of a proton?
A
+1
10
Q
Relative Atomic Mass
A
An average of all the different atomic masses of all the atoms of a chemical element.
(Remember, a chemical element can have isotopes that have different masses)
Many periodic tables use the term “Atomic Weight” for Relative Atomic Mass.
11
Q
This is called?
A
The periodic table
12
Q
Which particle makes almost no contribution to the total mass of an atom?
A
Electron
(That is why it is usually ignored when figuring out the mass of an atom.)
13
Q
What do we call the family of elements in dark blue?
A
Alkali metals
14
Q
What subatomic particle is found in the areas around and outside the nucleus?
A
Electron
15
Q
What do we call the elements in the two special rows at the bottom?
A
Inner transition metals.
16
Q
atomic nucleus
A
The center part of an atom with the protons and neutrons.
By the way, the nucleus pictured here is WAY, WAY, WAY, bigger than would be proportional. In a real atom, the diameter of the nucleus is less than 1/1000 of the diameter of the whole atom.
17
Q
Atomic Number
A
The number of protons an atom has.
18
Q
Reverse Card
A chart in which the elements are organized by their properties and behaviors.
A
Periodic table
19
Q
What do we call the elements in red?
A
Alkaline-earth metals
20
Q
True or false?
Relative Atomic Mass is an average
A
TRUE
(and the relative atomic mass of Lithium is 6.941)
21
Q
Reverse Card
What metallic property is shown in the image below?
(notice the shinyness)
A
metallic luster
22
Q
metal
A
An element that is shiny, opaque, and conducts both electricity and thermal energy.
(opaque means you can’t see through it at all)
23
Q
Reverse Card
mass number
A
The total number of protons plus neutrons in an atom.
24
Q
Below are three _______________
of carbon.
A
Isotopes
(Two isotopes of an element differ only in the number of neutrons)
25
What do we call the elements in the middle of the main table, in light yellow?
![]()
**Transition metals.**
26
# Reverse Card
Element
A fundamental material consisting of only one kind of atom.
27
What does the 22.99 number below tell you?
**Relative atomic mass**
28
# Reverse Card
The letters on the periodic table that stand for each atom.
Atomic symbol
29
Common name for elements in orange on the right.
Noble gases
30
Nucleon
A name for a particle in the nucleus.
A nucleon is either a proton or a neutron.
## Footnote
(Here is an artists idea of what a nucleus might look like.)
31
metallic luster is another way to say \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
**shiny**
32
When written in the format shown below, what does the number 4 represent?
The **_mass number_** for Helium.
33
Periodic table
A chart in which the elements are organized by their properties and behaviors.
34
What is the common name for the elements in dark blue in column 17?
Halogens
35
isotopes
Two atoms with the same atomic number, but different atomic masses.
(This means they have the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons)
I put a nice example below.
36
In the picture below, the 85.4678 is the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
**relative atomic mass**
37
Group
A vertical column on the periodic table
38
What are the elements in the green called?
**Metaloids**
(They are pretty much on the border between metals and non-metals)
39
The number "6" in the picture below, is carbon's \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
**Atomic number**
40
Elements contain a ____________ kind of atom.
**Single**
(For example, the element oxygen only oxygen atoms, nothing else)
41
A fundamental material consisting of only one kind of atom.
Element
42
What is the charge of a neutron?
**0**
(think _neut_ral _neut_ron)
43
What is the charge on a single electron
-1
44
True or False?
"Mass number" is an average
**FALSE**
(mass number is the number of nucleons, each of which has a mass of 1)
45
A horizontal row in the periodic table is called a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
period
46
Which number below is an average?
**131.29**
(This is a "weighted average" of all the different isotopes of the noble gas Xenon)
47
Mass number - _______________ = number of neutrons.
Atomic number
48
What does the "2" below stand for?
**The atomic number**
49
# Reverse Card
**Metaloid**
An element that has some of the properties of metals and some of the properties of non-metals.
50
Another name for a group in the periodic table.
**A Family**
51
Atoms are mostly _____________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Empty Space
If we imagine the atom’s nucleus to be the size of a bean, the atom itself will become the size of a stadium, and the electrons will be like tiny fleas whizzing frantically somewhere around the stands. We are, in fact, mostly composed of vacuum, and the proportion of vacuum to matter is dictated by the electrons’ mass.
52
An element that has some of the properties of metals and some of the properties of non-metals.
**Metaloid**
53
What number on the periodic table will tell you exactly how many protons an atom has?
**atomic number**
(This is the big fat number over top of the atomic symbol)
54
Atomic Mass
The mass of a single atom.
55
# Think vertical
The different colors below show \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, also known as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
groups also known as families
56
The "2" below is the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
**Atomic Number**
57
What word do we use to describe a substance that you can pound flat with a hammer?
**Malleable**
## Footnote
(Think mallet, like a hammer)
(Metals are malleable)
(Glass is not malleable)
58
Which has more mass, a proton or an electron?
A proton
(A proton has almost 2000 times the mass of an electron)
59
Atomic symbol
The letters on the periodic table that stand for each atom.
60
In the diagram below, the "42" is the
**Atomic number**
(Notice how they keep using atomic mass instead of relative atomic mass? Get used to it....)
61
The number "12.011" below, is carbon's \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
**Relative atomic mass**
(They don't use "Atomic Weight too much anymore)
62
What are the subatomic particles that can be found in the nucleus
**protons and neutrons**
63
The total number of protons plus neutrons in an atom.
mass number
(each proton has a mass of 1 and each neutron has a mass of 1)
64
Which particle makes no contribution to the electrical charge of an atom?
Neutron
| (It is neutrally charged)
65
# Reverse Card
Where on the periodic table are the Alkali metals
**Group 1 in the blue**
66
What do the "Na" and the "Li" in the pictures below represent?
**Atomic Symbols**
67
The most common element in the universe, by far, is:
Hydrogen
68
Nonmetal
The elements in the upper right area of the periodic table. They typically do not conduct electricty or thermal energy. They tend to be dull in color if solid, and are often gasses.
69
Look at the chemical equation below. How many molecules of methane (CH4) are shown?
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
**1**
70
How many carbon **_atoms_** are represented below?
**1**
(There is one carbon atom in one molecule of methane. The carbon atom is the black atom in the center)
71
How many oxygen **_atoms_** are represented below?
**4**
(Count the 4 red **_atoms_** in the two oxygen **_molecules_**)
72
How many carbon **_atoms_** are represented below?
1
| (Its the black one in the middle)
73
How many water molecules are represented below?
2 water molecules
74
How many atoms, total, are represented below?
**9**
(count 'em)
75
How many atoms, total, are represented below?
9
| (count 'em)
76
How would you represent the molecule below in a chemical equation?
## Footnote
(Hint: The black one in the middle is carbon, the other ones are hydrogen)
77
How would you represent what is below in a chemical equation?
78
How would you represent what is below in a chemical equation?
79
How would you represent what is below in a chemical equation?
## Footnote
(Hint: The black on is carbon, the red is oxygen)
80
How would you represent what is below in a chemical equation?
## Footnote
(Black = Carbon, Red = Oxygen, Gray = Hydrogen)
CO2 + 2H2O
81
How would you represent what is below in a chemical equation?
CH4 + 202
82
Another name for an electron in an atoms outermost shell.
Valance electron
83
Valance electron
Another name for an electron in an atoms outermost shell.
84
The elements on the periodic table are put in order according to a certain number associated with each atom. What is that number called?
A) Mass Number
B) Atomic Number
C) Atomic Mass
D) Atomic Weight
E) None of these, the table is organized alphabetically.
B) Atomic number
(That is the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom)
85
What is the electron configuration of an atom of sodium
**2-8-1**
## Footnote
(2+8+1 = 11)
**2** electons first shell
**8** electrons second shell
**1** electron third shell
86
What is the electron configuration of an atom of Silicon?
**2-8-4**
## Footnote
( 2+8+4 = 14 )
2 electrons first shell
8 electrons secons shell
4 electrons third shell
87
**2-8-1**
## Footnote
( 2+8+1 = 11 Think atomic number! )
**2** electons first shell
**8** electrons second shell
**1** electron third shell
What is the electron configuration of an atom of sodium
88
**2-8-4**
## Footnote
( 2+8+4 = 14 Think atomic number! )
2 electrons first shell
8 electrons secons shell
4 electrons third shell
What is the electron configuration of an atom of Silicon?
89
What do we call the following way to represent an atom?
Isotope Symbol
90
How many neutrons in this isotope of Argon?
**22**
(mass number - atomic number = 22)
91
Use the periodic table to figure out how many neutrons are in the following isotope of Carbon.
**8**
(By the way, don't memorize this one, figure out how it works. You also need to know that when it is written this way, the 14 is the mass number.)
92
What is another way to say:
First electron shell
Second electron shell
Third electron shell
First principal energy level
Second principal energy level
Third principle energy level
93
We often number the electron shells like this:
1st electron shell
2nd electron shell
3rd electron shell
4th electron shell
5th electron shell
6th electron shell
7th electron shell
We could also "letter" each shell with what letters?
K - shell
L - shell
M - shell
N -shell
O - shell
P - shell
Q - shell
(Why they started with "K", I don't know. Perhaps they thought this was the **K**losest shell to the nucleus??)
94
**Atomic number**
**Mass number**
**Atomic mass**
Which of the above will always be a whole number. (1,2,3,4,5,etc.....)
Atomic number and mass number are always whole numbers. (It does say "number" doesn't it)
(Atomic mass is an average and will usually be a decimal)
95
What is the name of the set of elements highlighted in yellow on this periodic table.
**Representative Elements**
96
What category of elements are shown in red?
Representative Elements
97
What category of elements are shown in yellow?
Transition Metals
98
What category of elements is shown in green.
Inner transition metals
| (aka rare earth elements)
99
Which group of elements on the periodic table pretty much won't combine or react with anything?
The noble gases.
100
Most of the actual size of an atom is really the space taken up by the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
**Electrons.**
## Footnote
In this picture you can see the electrons in blue. The nucleus here is actually shown WAY larger than it really should be.
101
What are these vertical posts called?
Columns
Columns in the periodic table go up and down.
Rows in the periodic table go across.
102
There are eight soccer players sitting in the first ROW. Does a row go horizontally across or vertically up and down.
A row goes horizontally across.
