Chemistry Ch. 3 Vocab

Question 1

The physical forms in which all matter naturally exists on Earth. Most commonly as a solid, liquid, or a gas.

Answer 1

States of Matter

Question 2

A form of matter that has its own definite shape and volume is incompressible and expands only slightly when heated.

Answer 2

solid

Question 3

A form of matter that flows, has constant volume and takes the shape of its container.

Answer 3

liquid

Question 4

A form of matter that flows to conform to the shape of its container, fills the containers and tire volume and is easily compressed.

Answer 4

gas

Question 5

Gaseous state of a substance that is a liquid or solid at room temperature.

Answer 5

Vapor

Question 6

A characteristic of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the sample. For example density, Colour, taste, harness color, and melting point

Answer 6

Physical property

Question 7

A Physical property such as mass, length, and volume, is dependent upon the amount of substance present.

Answer 7

Extensive property

Question 8

A physical property that remains the same no matter how much of a substance is present.

Answer 8

Intensive property

Question 9

The ability or inability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more new substances.

Answer 9

Chemical property

Question 10

A type of change that alters the physical properties of a substance but does not change its composition.

Answer 10

physical change

Question 11

A transition of matter from one state to another.

Answer 11

phase change

Question 12

A process involving one or more substances changing into new substances is also called a chemical reaction.

Answer 12

chemical change

Question 13

states that mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction but is conserved.

Answer 13

law of conservation of mass

Question 14

A physical blend of two or more pure substances in any proportion in which each substance retains its individual properties; can be separated by physical means.

Answer 14

mixture

Question 15

One that does not have a uniform composition and in which the individual substances remain distinct.

Answer 15

heterogeneous mixture

Question 16

One that has a uniform composition throughout and always has a single phase; Also called a solution.

Answer 16

homogeneous mixture

Question 17

A uniform mixture that can contain solids, liquids, or gases; also called a homogeneous mixture.

Answer 17

solution

Question 18

A technique that uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid.

Answer 18

Filtration

Question 19

A technique that can be used to physically separate most homogeneous mixtures based on the differences in the boiling points of substances.

Answer 19

Distillation

Question 20

A separation technique that produces pure solid particles of a substance from a solution that contains the dissolved substance.

Answer 20

Crystallization

Question 21

The energy-requiring process by which a solid changes directly to a gas without first becoming a liquid.

Answer 21

Sublimation

Question 22

A technique that is used to separate the components of a mixture based on the tendency of each component to travel across the surface of a fixed substance.

Answer 22

Chromatography

Question 23

A pure substance that can’t be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.

Answer 23

Element

Question 24

A chart that organizes all known elements into a grid of horizontal rows ( periods) and vertical columns ( groups or families) arranged by increasing atomic number.

Answer 24

periodic table

Question 25

A chemical combination of two or more different elements; can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

Answer 25

Compound

Question 26

States that, regardless of the amount, a compound is always composed of the same elements in the same proportion by Mass.

Answer 26

Law of definite proportions

Question 27

A percentage is determined by the ratio of the mass of each element to the total mass of the compound.

Answer 27

percent by mass

Question 28

States that when different compounds are formed by the combination of the same elements, different masses of one element are combined with the same fixed mass of the other elements in a ratio of small whole numbers.

Answer 28

law of multiple proportions