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Biol1040 > Chemistry Basics > Flashcards

Chemistry Basics Flashcards

0
Q

What charge do electrons have?

A

Negative/minus

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1
Q

What does amu stand for?

A

Atomic mass unit

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2
Q

Are anions positive or negative in charge?

A

Negative (negative nanny)

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3
Q

How many electrons does carbon have?

A

Six

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4
Q

Define covalent bond

A

Electrons are equally shared

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5
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration

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6
Q

Define electro-negativity

A

The more electronegative an atom, the more strongly the electrons are pulled toward it when in a sharing arrangement

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7
Q

Define hydrogen bonds

A

The electrostatic attraction between an electronegative atom ( oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine) and a hydrogen atom attached to a electronegative atom

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8
Q

Define an ionic bond

A

An electrostatic attraction between a cation (+) and an anion (-) (electrons are not shared)

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9
Q

Define ionic bonds

A

The force of attraction between a positive and a negative ion

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10
Q

Define osmosis

A

The diffusion of free water across a selectively permeable membrane

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11
Q

Explain the octet rule

A

Atoms try to acquire a complete outer shell of electrons

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12
Q

Define voltage

A

Electrical potential energy (a separation of opposite charges)

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13
Q

Define polar

A

The uneven distribution of electrons

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14
Q

How many electrons does hydrogen have?

A

One

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15
Q

What are isotopes

A

Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

16
Q

Mass number/atomic number is the sum of?

A

Protons and neutrons

17
Q

The sum of protons and neutrons is the?

A

Atomic number or mass number

18
Q

What charge do neutrons have?

A

Neutral/nil

19
Q

What mass do neutrons have?

A

1amu

20
Q

How many electrons does nitrogen have?

A

Seven

21
Q

Is non-polar, the even or uneven distribution of electrons?

A

Even

22
Q

How many electrons does oxygen have?

A

Eight

23
Q

p orbitals can hold a maximum of ? Electrons

A

Six

24
Q

What charge do protons have?

A

Positive

25
Q

What mass do protons have?

A

1amu

26
Q

s orbitals can hold a maximum of ? Electrons

A

Two

27
Q

The 4 key elements in the human body are?

A

Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen & nitrogen

28
Q

The element K is?

A

Potassium

29
Q

The element Na is?

A

Sodium

30
Q

What mass do electrons have?

A

Nothing, zero, nil

31
Q

The number of line bonds carbon is allowed?

A

4

32
Q

The number of line bonds hydrogen is allowed?

A

1

33
Q

The number of line bonds nitrogen is allowed?

A

3

34
Q

The number of line bonds oxygen is allowed?

A

2

35
Q

The order of orbitals is?

A

1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p

36
Q

The rule of diffusion is?

A

A substance will diffuse from where it is more concentrated to where it is less concentrated

37
Q

Van der Waals interactions result when?

A

Electrons are not symmetrically distributed in a molecule

Biol1040 (1 decks)

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