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Chemistry For Me! > Chemistry Basics! > Flashcards

Chemistry Basics! Flashcards

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1
Q

Define an atom

A

An atom. Is the smallest unit of an element.

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2
Q

What is an atom composed of

A

Electrons, protons, neutrons.

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3
Q

True or false?

Each atom of the same element has the same combination of protons and electrons?.

A

True

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4
Q

What type of charge does a proton have?

A

Positive.

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5
Q

What type of charge does a electron have?

A

Negative.

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6
Q

Define the periodic table

A

The periodic table, is a very useful table describing the atoms of every known element.

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7
Q

What does the symbol “C” stand for on the periodic table

A

Carbon

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8
Q

What does “HE” stand for on the periodic table?.

A

Helium..

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9
Q

What is the number of protons called in a certain atom?.

A

Atomic number

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10
Q

“FE” stands for?

A

Iron..

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11
Q

How many electrons does the element “ZN” have?

A

Zinc has 30 electrons.

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12
Q

How many electrons does it take to equal one proton?

A

1,836, it takes about 1,836 electrons to equal the weight of just one proton..

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13
Q

How many protons does the atom “HE” have?

A

Helium has 2 protons. And 2 electrons.

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14
Q

What is the charge of a neutron?

A

The neutron has no charge. ( Neutral)

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15
Q

Which subatomic particle weighs the least?

A

Electrons

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16
Q

Which subatomic particle weighs the most?

A

Neutrons

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17
Q

Which subatomic particle is in between the two weights

A

Protons.

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18
Q

Which particles make up the nucleus of an atom?

A

Protons and neutrons.

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19
Q

True or false can neutrons be found in the element Hydrogen?

A

False

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20
Q

What are the rows called in a periodic table?

A

Periods.

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21
Q

What are the columns called in a periodic table?

A

Groups.

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22
Q

What is the element “ AR”

A

Argon

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23
Q

What are Noble Gases?

A

Helium, neon, argon, krypton.

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24
Q

Describe and state the alkaline metals?

A

Lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium.
The alkaline metals are any of the six chemical elements that make up group 1a on the periodic table.

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25
Q

What is Group 2A on the periodic table?

A

Alkaline earth metals,

26
Q

What is the element “K”

A

Potassium

27
Q

what is the element group VIIA called?

A

Halogens

28
Q

What does halogens stand for?

A

Salt formers

29
Q

What two elements make up table salt?

A

“NA”= sodium
“ Cl”= chlorine

30
Q

What family does the element Iodine belong to?

A

halogen.

31
Q

What three classes of elements can the periodic table be divided into?

A

Metals, nonmetals and metalloids.

32
Q

What is the element “CU”?

A

Copper

33
Q

Define malleable

A

Anything that can be beaten into fine sheets

34
Q

Define ductile

A

The ability to be drawn into wires.

35
Q

Which families do the nonmetals belong to?

A

Halogens and Noble gases.

36
Q

True or false?

Nonmetals are very brittle, and do not conduct heat or electricity

A

True.

37
Q

True or false silicon is a metaloid

A

True

38
Q

How many protons are in the element phosphorus?

A

15 protons

39
Q

True or false

Almost all of the mass of an atom more than 99.99 percent is attributed to the Nucleus

A

True.

40
Q

Which two particles is the nucleus made up of?

A

Protons, and neutrons.

41
Q

Define mass

A

Mass, is a measure of the amount of matter, The mass of an object determines its weight.

42
Q

Define weight

A

Weight, is the effect of gravity on mass

43
Q

What is the mass number

A

the mass number is the number of protons added to the number of neutrons in an atom.

44
Q

How many protons does the element Phosphorus have?

A

15 protons

45
Q

True or false

The number of electrons in an atom typically equals the number of protons?.

A

True

46
Q

What is an element.

A

An element is matter that is composed of a single type of atom

47
Q

What is the mass of an electron?

A

0.00054

48
Q

How many naturally occurring elements are there?

A

93.

49
Q

Atoms that have a different amount of neutrons in their nuclei are called?

A

Isotopes.

50
Q

Atoms that undergo radioactive decay are called what?

A

Radioactive isotopes.

51
Q

How fast do electrons orbit the nucleus?

A

100 quadrillion times per second.

52
Q

Electrons in the outermost shell of atoms are called what?

A

Valence electrons.

53
Q

When are outer electron shells stable?

A

When they contain eight electrons.

54
Q

When two or more atoms are held together by chemical bonds what do they form?

A

A molecule

55
Q

A molecule that contains atoms of more than one element is called?

A

A compound

56
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

A covalent bond is the sharing of a pair of electrons by two atoms.

57
Q

Define electronegativity

A

Electronegativity is defined as the attraction of an atom for its electrons.

58
Q

What is a nonpolar covalent bond?

A

When the shared electrons spend an equal amount of time around each nucleus. When this happens NO opposite ends exists! ( NO POLES)

59
Q

H-H, in this question what does the dash represent?

A

The dash represents the chemical bond between the atoms.

60
Q

How many electrons are in the valance shell of carbon?

A

4

61
Q

Compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen atoms are called?

A

Organic compounds.

Chemistry For Me! (1 decks)

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