Chemistry

Question 1

Describe the structure of an atom

Answer 1

• atom has central nucleus
• surrounded by electrons moving around in shells/energy levels
• most of mass of atom concentrated in its nucleus (because it contains protons and neutrons)

Question 2

State the mass of all the subatomic particles of an atom

Answer 2

Proton: 1
Neutron: 1
Electron: 1/1840

Question 3

State the charges of all subatomic particles in a nucleus

Answer 3

Protons: +1
Neutrons: 0
Electrons: -1

Question 4

What is the mass number?

Answer 4

total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus

Question 5

What is the atomic number?

Answer 5

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 6

How is electronic configuration written?

Answer 6

numbers with commas between:

e.g 2,8,8,1 (K - potassium)

Question 7

What are isotopes?

Answer 7

• atoms of an element with same number of protons but different number of neutrons
• so have different mass numbers

Question 8

What’s Ar

Answer 8

Relative atomic mass

- relative mass of its atoms compared to the mass of a particular carbon atom (carbon-12).

Question 9

What are the horizontal rows on the period table called?

Answer 9

Periods

Question 10

What are the vertical columns called on a periodic table?

Answer 10

Groups

Question 11

How are elements arranged in the periodic table?

Answer 11

increasing atomic number

Question 12

Group 1 elements are?

Answer 12

Alkali elements

Question 13

Group 2 elements are called?

Answer 13

Alkaline earth metals

Question 14

Common non-metals are found where?

Answer 14

Group 6

Question 15

Group 7 elements are called?

Answer 15

Halogens

Question 16

Group 8 elements are called?

Answer 16

Noble gases

Question 17

Describe how the relationship between the position of an element on the periodic table and it’s electron configuration

Answer 17

• it’s group indicates how many electrons are in its outer shell
  e. g. group 1 elements have 1 electron on their outer shell

-it’s period indicates how many energy levels an atom has, e.g elements in period 2 have 2 shells

Question 18

Elements in the same group have what?

Answer 18

similar chemical properties

Question 19

Trend of reactivity in metal groups (e.g. alkali metals) and in non-metal groups (e.g. halogens)

Answer 19

Metal groups - increases as you go down

Non-metal- decreases as you go down

Question 20

What happens in a chemical reaction?

Answer 20

• new substances formed by rearrangement of atoms & their electrons (Think about your mechanisms in A level)
• but no nuclei ever destroyed or created