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Introduction to Chemistry > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

When a substance goes from one state to another. It is called?

A

Change of State

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2
Q

A process by which a substance moves from the liquid state to the gaseous state,

A

Boiling

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3
Q

The change of one substance to another.

A

Chemical Change/Chemical Reaction

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4
Q

A state of matter that has definite shape and definite volume.

A

Solid

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5
Q

A change of state process where liquid becomes solid.

A

Freezing

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6
Q

A change of state process where gas becomes liquid.

A

Condensation

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7
Q

This is a relatively new area of science that is commonly placed with chemistry. It’s the application of biochemistry and biology when creating or modifying genetic material or organisms for specific purposes. It’s used in such areas as cloning and the creation of diseaseresistant crops, and it has the potential for eliminating genetic diseases in the future.

A

Biotechnology

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8
Q

This branch specializes in living organisms and systems. Chemists study the chemical reactions that occur at the molecular level of an organism - the level where items are so small that people can’t directly see them. Chemists study processes such as digestion, metabolism, reproduction, respiration, and so on.

A

Biochemistry

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9
Q

This state of matter have no definite shape but have definite volume.

A

Liquid

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10
Q

The temperature which the melting occurs.

A

Melting Point

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11
Q

This branch is highly involved in the analysis of substances. Chemists from this field of chemistry may be trying to find out what substances are in a mixture (qualitative analysis) or how much of a particular substance is present (quantitative analysis) in something

A

Analytical Chemistry

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12
Q

This state of matter has no definite shape and no definite volume.

A

Gas

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13
Q

Anything that has mass and occupy space.

A

Matter

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14
Q

A change of state where solid directly change to gas.

A

Sublimation

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15
Q

A change of state process where gas directly change to solid.

A

Deposition

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16
Q

The temperature at which a liquid begins to boil is called?

A

Boiling Point

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17
Q

Has a definite and constant composition or make-up -like salt or sugar.

A

Pure Substance

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18
Q

A process where a solid state change to liquid state.

A

Melting

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19
Q

This branch of chemistry figures out how and why a chemical system behaves as it does.

A

Physical Chemistry

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20
Q

In many solids, the particles are pulled into a rigid, organized structure of repeating patterns called what?

A

Crystal Lattice

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21
Q

A change of state process where liquid becomes solid.

A

Freezing

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22
Q

This branch is involved in the study of inorganic compounds such as salts. It includes the study of the structure and properties of these compounds. It also commonly involves the study of the individual elements of the compounds.

A

Inorganic Chemistry

23
Q

This is the study of carbon and its compounds. It’s probably the most organized of the areas of chemistry - with good , reason.

A

Organic Chemistry

24
Q

It is composed of single kind of atom, and the building blocks of matter.

A

Element

25
Q

The smallest particle of an element that still has all the properties of the element.

A

Atom

26
Q

It is composed of two or more elements in a specific ratio.

A

Compound

27
Q

It is the physical combinations of pure substances that have no definite or constant composition.

A

Mixtures

28
Q

Sometimes called solutions, are relatively uniform in composition; every portion of the mixture is like every other portion. If you dissolve sugar in water and mix it really well, your mixture is basically the same no matter where you sample it.

A

Homogeneous Mixtures

29
Q

A mixture whose composition varies from position to position within the sample.

A

Heterogeneous Mixtures

30
Q

SI system

A

Systeme Intemational

31
Q

1 inch to cm

A

2.54 centimeters

32
Q

1 pound to kg

A

454 grams

33
Q

1 quart to liter

A

0.946 liter

34
Q

These properties enable a substance to change into a brand-new substance, and they describe how a substance reacts with other substances. Does a substance change into something completely new when water is added -like sodium metal changes to sodium hydroxide? Does it burn in air?

A

Chemical Properties

35
Q

These properties describe the physical characteristics of a substance. The mass, volume, and color of a substance are physical properties, and so is its ability to conduct electricity.

A

Physical Properties

36
Q

A type of Physical properties that depend on the amount of matter present. Like mass and volume.

A

Extensive Properties

37
Q

A type of Physical properties that don’t depend on the amount of matter present. Example: color and density. A large chunk of gold, for example, is the same color as a small chunk of gold. The mass and volume of these two chunks are different (extensive properties), but the color is the same.

A

Intensive Properties

38
Q

It is the ratio of the mass (m) to volume (v) of a substance..

A

Density
g/mL @ 20°C
d=m/v

39
Q

Density of water at 20°C

A

1 g/mL

40
Q

It is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water at the same temperature.

A

Specific Gravity (sg)

41
Q

Formula of volume of square.

A

length x width x height

42
Q

This principle states that the volume of a solid is equal to the volume of water it displaces.

A

Archimedes Principle

43
Q

The basic two components of universe.

A

Matter and Energy

44
Q

It is the ability to do work.

A

Energy

45
Q

Energy of motion

A

Kinetic Energy

46
Q

This scientific law states that in ordinary chemical reactions (or physical processes), energy is neither created nor destroyed but can be converted from one form to another.

A

The Law of Conservation of Energy

47
Q

Stored energy

A

Potential Energy

humans can store energy in terms of chemical bonds. And then later, when we need that energy, our bodies can break those bonds and release it.

Energy is stored in these fuels - gasoline, for example and is released when chemical reactions take place.

48
Q

An instrument used to measure the kinetic energy of atoms.

A

Thermometer

49
Q

Water boils at what temperature?

A

100 °C (373 K)

50
Q

Formula of Celsius to Kelvin

A

K = °C + 273

51
Q

Formula of Fahrenheit to Celsius

A

°C = 5/9 (°F - 32)

52
Q

Formula of Celsius to Fahrenheit

A

°F = (9/5 °C) +32

53
Q

It is a measure of the total amount of energy a substance possesses.

A

Heat

For example, a glass of water and a swimming pool may be the same temperature, but they contain vastly different amounts of heat. It takes much more energy to raise the temperature of a swimming pool 5°C than it does a glass of water, because there’s so much more water in the swimming pool.
29

54
Q

1 calorie to joule

A

4.184 joule

Introduction to Chemistry (1 decks)

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