Chemistry Flashcards
Atom
The smallest unit of matter that makes up solid, liquid, gas and plasma.
Matter
A substance that occupies physical space and takes up volume.
Atomic Particles
Particles that are smaller than atoms with two types: elementary and composite particles.
Electron
A negatively charged atomic particle and one of three main atomic particles that make up an atom.
Neutron
One of the main parts of an atomic particle that contains no electric charge and one of three main atomic particles that make up an atom.
Proton
A positively charged atomic particle and one of three main atomic particles that make up an atom.
AMU (Atomic Mass Unit)
A unit of mass that is used to express atomic and molecular masses and expresses the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom.
Electron Shell
The outside part of the atom, containing 4 sub-shells, each with a different maximum amount of electrons.
Element
A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler components by a non-nuclear chemical reaction. There are 118 known elements, with the first 94 that were naturally found on Earth and the remaining 24 being man-made.
Compound
A substance that results from a combination of two or more different chemical elements, in such a way that the atoms of the different elements are held together by chemical bonds that are difficult to break.
Periodic Table
An organised table listing all 118 elements known to mankind.
Atomic Number
The amount of protons found in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic Mass
The mass of an atom.
Alchemist
Middle-aged term for “chemist”, people who attempted to change ordinary metals into gold.
Investigation
The process of investigating or the condition of being investigated.
