Chemistry

Question 1

What is the science of the structure an interactions of Matter, anything that occupies space an has mass?

Answer 1

Chemistry

Question 2

What is the amount of matter in any living organism or no living organism?

Answer 2

Mass

Question 3

What is the chemical element (symbol) for Calcium?

Answer 3

Ca

Question 4

What is the chemical element (symbol) for Phosphorus?

Answer 4

P

Question 5

What is the element (symbol) for Potassium?

Answer 5

K

Question 6

What is the chemical element (symbol) for Sulfur?

Answer 6

S

Question 7

What is the chemical element (symbol) for Sodium?

Answer 7

Na

Question 8

What is the chemical element (symbol) for Chlorine?

Answer 8

Cl

Question 9

What is the chemical element (symbol) for Magnesium?

Answer 9

Mg

Question 10

What is the chemical element (symbol) for Iron?

Answer 10

Fe

Question 11

What is the chemical element (symbol) for Iodine?

Answer 11

I

Question 12

What is the smallest unit of matter, which each element is made up of?

Answer 12

Atoms

Question 13

What does an atom become if it gives up or gains electrons?

Answer 13

Ions

Question 14

What do you call an atom that has a positive or negative charge due to an unequal number of protons an electrons?

Answer 14

Ion

Question 15

When two or more atoms share electrons, the resulting combination of atoms is called a ?

Answer 15

Molecule

Question 16

What do you call a substance that can be broken down into two or more different elements by ordinary compound means?

Answer 16

Compound

Question 17

The chance that an atom will form a chemical bond with another atom depends on the number of electrons in its outermost shell, which is also called ?

Answer 17

Valence shell

Question 18

A chemically stabled atom has how many electrons on its outer most shell?

Answer 18

8

Question 19

What does it mean when a atom is unlikely to form chemical bond with other atoms?

Answer 19

The atom is chemically stable

Question 20

What is a positively charged ion?

Answer 20

Cation

Question 21

What is a negatively charged ion?

Answer 21

Anion

Question 22

In this covalent bond, atoms share the electrons equally, one atom does not attract the shared atoms more strongly than the other atom

Answer 22

Nonpolar covalent bond

Question 23

In this covalent bond, the sharing of electrons between atoms are unequal, one atom attracts the shared electrons more strongly than the other

Answer 23

Polar covalent bond

Question 24

This compound usually lack carbon, are structurally simple, an are held together by ionic or covalent bonds

The two compounds are exceptions since they contain carbon: Carbon dioxide (CO2)
                            Bicarbonate ion (HCO3)

Answer 24

Inorganic compounds

Question 25

This compound always contains carbon, usually contain hydrogen, an always have covalent bonds ``` Examples: Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids Adenosine triphosphate ```

Answer 25

Organic compounds

Question 26

What is a liquid or gas in which some other material called a solute has been dissolved in?

Answer 26

A solvent

Question 27

This helps enable dietary nutrients to be absorbed into he body

Answer 27

Hydrolysis

Question 28

What absorbs an releases heat very slowly?

Answer 28

Water

Question 29

What requires a large amount of heat to change from a liquid to a gas?

Answer 29

Water

Question 30

This serves as a lubricant

Answer 30

Water

Question 31

What is a substance that breaks apart or dissociates into one or more hydrogen ions (H+) when it dissolves in water?

Answer 31

An Acid

Question 32

What, what contrast, usually dissociates into one or more hydroxide ions (OH-) when it dissolves in water?

Answer 32

A Base

Question 33

What react with one another to form salts?

Answer 33

Acids an Bases

Question 34

What system does chemical compounds called buffers convert strong acids or bases into weak acids or bases?

Answer 34

Buffer system

Question 35

What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?

Answer 35

Monosaccharides

Question 36

What are simple sugars that consists of two monosaccharides joined by a covalent bond called?

Answer 36

Disaccharides

Question 37

What are large, complex carbohydrates that contain tens or hundreds of monosaccharides joined through dehydration synthesis reactions called?

Answer 37

Polysaccharides

Question 38

What is the main polysaccharides in the human body?

Answer 38

Glycogen

Question 39

What is glycogen made of?

Answer 39

Glucose units joined together in branching chains

Question 40

What are starches made up of?

Answer 40

Glucose units •made mostly by plants

Question 41

What helps move feces through the large intestine?

Answer 41

Cellulose •polysaccharides found in plant walls

Question 42

What are the most plentiful lipids in your body an diet?

Answer 42

Triglycerides

Question 43

What is the body's most highly concentrated form of chemical energy?

Answer 43

Triglycerides

Question 44

What tissue are triglycerides stored in?

Answer 44

Adipose (fat tissue)

Question 45

What are large molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, an nitrogen?

Answer 45

Proteins

Question 46

Why are the building blocks of proteins?

Answer 46

Amino acids

Question 47

What does the unit of two or more amino acids produce?

Answer 47

Peptide

Question 48

What is the molecule of two amino acids combined called?

Answer 48

Dipeptide

Question 49

When adding another amino acid to a dipeptide, what does it produce?

Answer 49

Tripeptide

Question 50

What type of peptide contains a large of amino acids?

Answer 50

A polypeptide

Question 51

What are the three important properties of an enzyme?

Answer 51

Specificity Efficiency Control

Question 52

If a protein encounter a hostile environment, in which temperature, Ph, of ion concentration is significantly altered, it may unravel an lose it's characteristic shape. What is this called?

Answer 52

Denaturation

Question 53

What are the two kinds of nucleic acids?

Answer 53

``` Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Ribonucleic acid (RNA) ```

Question 54

This phase is in a series of reactions that do not require Oxygen, Glucose is partially broken down by a series of catabolic reactions into pyruvic acid. Each glucose molecule that is converted into a pyruvic acids molecule yields two molecules of ATP

Answer 54

Anaerobic phase

Question 55

This phase is in the presence of Oxygen, glucose is completely broken down into carbon dioxide an water. These reactions generate heat and 36 or 38 ATP molecules

Answer 55

Aerobic phase