Chemistry

Question 1

Incomplete Combustion Equations

Answer 1

Hydrocarbon + O₂ → CO + H₂O

Hydrocarbon + O₂ → C + H₂O

Question 2

Structural Isomerism

Answer 2

A molecule which has the same molecular formula but has a different structural formula

Question 3

Catalyst for catalytic cracking

Answer 3

Zeolites

Question 4

Catalyst for catalytic converters

Answer 4

Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium

Question 5

Complete Combustion Equation

Answer 5

Hydrocarbon + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

Question 6

Effect of Water on Global Warming

Answer 6

Traps infra-red radiation from the sun

Question 7

How are Nitrogen Oxides formed

Answer 7

From the high temperatures and the spark in the car’s engine

Question 8

Problems of Carbon Monoxide

Answer 8

Is toxic to humans as it binds to the haemoglobin in the body

Question 9

Problems of Carbon

Answer 9

Contributes to global dimming

Causes respiritory problems

Question 10

How can sulphur dioxide be removed from fossil fuels

Answer 10

Flue gas desulphurisation

• Using calcium oxide
• Neutralises SO₂
• Forms “Clean gases” and Calcium Sulphate

Question 11

Equation for Measuring Enthalpy Change

Answer 11

Q=mcΔT

Question 12

Ideal Gas Equation

Answer 12

pV=nRT

Question 13

Standard Conditions

Answer 13

100kPa, 1mol/dm³ + 298K

Question 14

Chain Isomers

Answer 14

Different arrangements of the carbon skeleton

Question 15

Position Isomers

Answer 15

Different arrangements of the side chains

Question 16

Functional Group Isomers

Answer 16

Different arrangements of the atoms, changing the functional group

Question 17

Nucleophilic Substitution

Answer 17

The replacement of the halogen atom by a nucleophile

Question 18

Nucleophile

Answer 18

An electron pair donor

Question 19

Carbon Neutral

Answer 19

Activity which has no net carbon emissions to the atmosphere

Question 20

Colour of Fluorine + State

Answer 20

Pale yellow gas

Question 21

Colour of Chlorine + State

Answer 21

Green gas

Question 22

Colour of Bromine + State

Answer 22

Red-Brown liquid

Question 23

Colour of Iodine + State

Answer 23

Grey solid

Question 24

Colour of Solution Formed when Bromine Displaced

Answer 24

Orange

Question 25

Colour of Solution Formed when Iodine Displaced

Answer 25

Brown

Question 26

Calcium Flame Test

Answer 26

Brick Red

Question 27

Strontium Flame Test

Answer 27

Red

Question 28

Barium Flame Test

Answer 28

Pale Green

Question 29

Halides + Sulphuric Acid Equation

Answer 29

NaX + H₂O₂ → NaHSO₄ + HX

Question 30

Oxidising ability of X₂ increases…

Answer 30

Up group

Question 31

Reducing ability of X¯ increases…

Answer 31

Down group

Question 32

Reaction Conditions for Nucleophilic Substitution

Answer 32

Cold Temperature
Water Solvent
Weak Base

Question 33

Reaction Conditions for Elimination

Answer 33

Warm Temperatures
Ethanol Solvent
Strong Base