Chemistry Flashcards
1
Q
What is not an effect on the hydrogenation of vegetable oil? A.) Prolonged shelf life B.) Destruction of essential fatty acids C.) Lower melting point D.) Decreased iodine #
A
Lower melting point
2
Q
Which is a branch chain amino acid? A.) Leucine B.) Phenylalanine C.) Tyrosine D.) Tryptophan
A
Leucine
3
Q
What substance supplies the main fuel to the brain? A.) Fat B.) Glucose C.) Proteins D.) Ketones
A
Glucose
4
Q
Which of the following is not a ketone? A.) Acetoacetate B.) Beta hydroxybuyric acid C.) Mevalonate D.) Acetone
A
Beta hydroxybuyric acid
5
Q
What is the quickest to become rancid? A.) Butter B.) Fat C.) Coconut oil D.) Olive oil
A
Olive oil
6
Q
Which of the following is a precursor to prostaglandins? A.) Ecosanoids B.) Triacylglycerols C.) Steroids D.) Glycolipids
A
Ecosanoids
7
Q
What type of bond holds DNA strands together? A.) Ester B.) H C.) Peptide D.) S
A
H
8
Q
Which of the following is a pyrimidine? A.) Guanine B.) Alanine C.) Adenine D.) Uracil
A
Uracil
9
Q
Anaerobic Glycolysis yields how many ATP? A.) 0 B.) 8 C.) 6 D.) 2
A
2
10
Q
Which vitamin is required for the uptake of Lipoproteins in the intestines? A.) C B.) B1 C.) B5 D.) K
A
K
11
Q
A deficiency of HMG CO-A will result in which of the following? A.) Decrease fat synthesis B.) Increased fat synthesis C.) Increased cholesterol synthesis D.) Decrease cholesterol synthesis
A
Decrease cholesterol synthesis
12
Q
Which of the following minerals is an antioxidant? A.) Copper B.) Magnesium C.) Selenium D.) Chromium
A
Selenium
13
Q
Which is the most active form of vitamin D? A.) 1, 25 Dehydroxycalciferol B.) Ergocalciferol C.) 25 Hydroxycalciferol D.) HMG CoA
A
1, 25 Dehydroxycalciferol
14
Q
Which of the following compounds is a component of NADH & NADPH? A.) Pyroxidonine B.) Ribflavin C.) Niacin D.) Biotin
A
Niacin
15
Q
Which of the following states produces the most fatty acids? A.) Starvation B.) High protein diet C.) High carbohydrate diet D.) High fat diet
A
High carbohydrate diet
16
Q
The build-up of cholesterol will inhibit? A.) Biotin B.) Niacin C.) Phosphofructokinase D.) HMG CoA reductase
A
HMG CoA reductase
17
Q
In fatty acid biosynthesis, which of the following requires NADPH? A.) Ketoacyl synthase B.) Ketoacyl reductase C.) Hydratase D.) Acetyl CoA dehydrogenase
A
Ketoacyl reductase
18
Q
Which provides nicotinamide? A.) Lysine B.) Methionine C.) Serotonin D.) Glycine
A
Serotonin
19
Q
Most cells can rapidly synthesize aspartate from? A.) Malate B.) Oxaloacetate C.) Citrulline D.) Pyruvate
A
Oxaloacetate
20
Q
What depicts reverse transcription? A.) RNA to RNA B.) DNA to RNA C.) DNA to DNA D.) RNA to DNA
A
RNA to DNA
21
Q
What cycle contains coenzyme Q? A.) Glycolysis B.) TCA C.) Urea Cycle D.) Electron transport chain
A
Electron transport chain
22
Q
What are components of triglycerides? A.) Cholesterol and Fatty Acids B.) Cholesterol and Phospholipids C.) Fatty acids and Phospholipids D.) Fatty acids and glycerol
A
Fatty acids and glycerol
23
Q
Which of t eh following has a non-polar side? A.) Asparagines B.) Alanine C.) Glutamine D.) Serine
A
Alanine
24
Q
Oxidation of FA yielding CO2 & H2O going through beta oxidation goes through? A.) TCA & Gluconeogenesis B.) TCA & Glycolysis C.) Pentose phosphate pathway & TCA D.) TCA & Electron transport train
A
TCA & Electron transport chain
25
Q
Following the action of lipoprotein lipase the very low density lipoprotein remnant becomes? A.) Free fatty acid B.) High density lipoprotein C.) Low density lipoprotein D.) All of the above
A
Low density lipoprotein
26
Q
Which is the regulation enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis? A.) Xanthine oxidase B.) Phosphofructokinase C.) Lipoprotein lipase D.) HMG CoA reductase
A
HMG CoA reductase
27
Q
Due to liver storage and enteropathic recycling sings of a deficiency of what vitamin may not be visible for 5-6 years? A.) B12 B.) B2 C.) B6 D.) B1
A
B12
28
Q
Which of the following is a negative allosteric inhibitor? A.) ADP B.) Inorganic phosphate C.) ATP D.) AMP
A
ATP
29
Q
Which of the following is not a natural triglyceride, but is present in hydrogenated triglycerides? A.) Trans-proteins B.) Cis-fatty acids C.) Trans-fatty acids D.) Cis-proteins
A
Trans-fatty acids
30
Q
Which of the following bonds are found in secondary protein structures? A.) H B.) Peptide C.) S D.) Ester
A
H
31
Q
Which of the following is a precursor to melatonin? A.) Lysine B.) Phenylalanine C.) Serotonin D.) Niacin
A
Serotonin
32
Q
What type of bonds are between amino acids? A.) H B.) S C.) Peptide D.) Amide
A
Peptide
33
Q
Which is the best source of dietary vitamin C? A.) Cereals and grain B.) Broccoli and fruit C.) Eggs and oil D.) Pork
A
Broccoli and fruit
34
Q
Which are pyrimidines? A.) Adenine, guanine B.) Guanine, cytosine C.) Uracil, cytosine D.) Thiamine, adenine
A
Uracil, cytosine
35
Q
Which is the limiting amino acid in grains? A.) Lucine B.) Lysine C.) Methionine D.) Lysine
A
Lysine
36
Q
A deficiency of vitamin B12 causes which kind of anemia? A.) Hyperchromic B.) Pernicious C.) Hypochromic D.) Microcytic
A
Pernicious
37
Q
The most efficient amount of protein is in? A.) Eggs B.) Peanuts C.) Beef D.) Peas
A
Eggs
38
Q
Which of the following is a major source of Ca in humans? A.) Poultry B.) Dairy products C.) Fruit D.) Grains & cereals
A
Dairy products
39
Q
Ketones results from? A.) Gluconeogenesis of amino acids B.) Glycolysis of glucose C.) Beta Oxidation D.) Incomplete oxidation of fats
A
Incomplete oxidation of fats
40
Q
Sucrose can be broken down to what and what? A.) Glucose and Fructose B.) Glucose and Maltose C.) Glucose and Fructose D.) Glucose and Glucose
A
Glucose and fructose
41
Q
Glutamate transaminase & alanine transaminase both require? A.) Thiamine B.) Niacin C.) Pyridoxine D.) Cobalamin
A
Pyridoxine
42
Q
Oxidation of fatty acids yielding CO2 & water through beta oxidation also goes through? A.) HMP & Gluconeogenesis B.) HMP shunt & TCA C.) TCA & ETC D.) TCA & Gluconeogenesis
A
TCA and ETC
43
Q
If you ingest 200g of carbohydrates it will yield how many Kilocalories? A.) 200 B.) 800 C.) 1200 D.) 100
A
800
44
Q
Which is not a derivative of tyrosine? A.) Thyroxine B.) Serotonin C.) Epinephrine D.) Norepinephrine
A
Serotonin
45
Q
Which of the following bonds are found in lipids? A.) Peptide B.) Ester C.) Disulfide D.) H
A
Ester
46
Q
The reason that the TCA cycle cannot proceed under anaerobic conditions?
A.) Cannot perform substrate level phosphorylation
B.) There’s no seal available for ETC
C.) Cannot regenerate NADPH
D.) Cannot regenerate NAD and FAD w/o O2
A
Cannot regenerate NAD and FAD w/o O2
47
Q
Which of the following enzymes is the apoenzyme of a holoenzyme? A.) Minerals B.) Carbohydrates C.) Vitamins D.) Proteins
A
Proteins
48
Q
In the electron transport chain, what contains copper? A.) Cytochrome B B.) Cytochrome A3 C.) Cytochrome C D.) Coenzyme Q
A
Cytochrome A3
49
Q
Which of the following is a function of an enzyme?
A.) catalyse reaction ray product is converted to a substrate
B.) Consumed in reaction
C.) Decrease rate of reaction
D.) the activation energy
A
The activation energy
50
Q
Which of the following pulls fatty acid across the mitochondrial membrane? A.) Malate B.) Carnitine C.) Citrate D.) Lysine
A
Carnitine
