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chapter 2: atoms and molecules > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

0
Q

Matter

A

Matter is anything that has mass and volume

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1
Q

Chemistry

A

The study of the composition of substances and the changes they undergo.

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2
Q

Mass

A

Mass is the amount of matter in an object

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3
Q

Volume

A

Volume is how much space and object takes up

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4
Q

Solid

A

Atoms packed closely together vibrate only

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5
Q

Liquid

A

Atoms packed closely together flow freely around each other

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6
Q

Gas

A

Atoms loosely arranged so they can travel in out easily

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7
Q

Plasma

A

Atoms exist in an excited state

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8
Q

Bose Einstein condensation

A

Atoms at the coldest temperature possible in the universe

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9
Q

Physical properties

A

Characteristics of a substance related to the physical nature of the material

Can be divided into three categories

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10
Q

Physical changes

A

Involve change in size, shape, or state of matter without altering the substance’s chemical composition

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11
Q

Chemical changes

A

Involves a change from one kind of matter into another kind of matter

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12
Q

Atoms

A

The smallest particle of matter that contains three subatomic particle’s

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13
Q

Proton

A

Positive charge located in the nucleus

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14
Q

Electrons

A

Negative charged been found and fixed energy levels

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15
Q

Neutrons

A

Neutral charge found in the nucleus

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16
Q

Atom structure

A

Protons are positive and are located in the nucleus
neutrons and protons are located in the nucleus
electrons are negative and outside the nucleus
electrons are located on orbitals orbitals make up electron cloud

17
Q

Element

A

An element is a pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom

18
Q

Periodic table

A

The periodic table is a chart displaying information about the earths basic elements

19
Q

Atomic symbol

A

Consist of one or two letters chosen to represent the element

20
Q

Atomic number

A

Indicates the total number of protons in the nucleus of an element

21
Q

Atomic weight

A

Also known as the average atomic mass of the element

equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons that an atom possesses

22
Q

Noble gas

A

Noble gases are found in calling 18 they do not react or combined with any other element they are extremely stable due to a complete outer orbital

23
Q

Metals

A

Elements to the left of the stairstep usually have one or two or three electrons in their outer shell

24
Q

Nonmetals

A

Elements to the right of the stairstep plus hydrogen generally only missing a few electrons from its outershell

25
Q

Metalloids

A

Elements along the stairstep a nonmetal element that shares properties between typical metals and nonmetals

26
Q

Isotopes

A

Isotopes are Adams of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain they are identified by their mass number

27
Q

Radioactive isotopes

A

Radioactive isotopes have an unstable nuclei and breakdown at a constant rate overtime the radiation give enough to be dangerous radiation can also be helpful in treating cancer and killing bacteria

28
Q

Compounds

A

A compound is a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions

29
Q

Ionic bonds

A

One or more electrons are transferred from one atoms to another to become noble

30
Q

Ions

A

Iambs are positively or negatively charged atoms

31
Q

Covalent bonds

A

Electrons are shared between atoms to become noble

32
Q

Mixtures

A

A mixture is a material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined

33
Q

Homogeneous mixtures

A

Ions are gradually disbursed evenly

Contains a solid which is a substance that is dissolved.

34
Q

PH scale

A

A mathematical scale that is used to indicate how acidic or basic a solution is

35
Q

0-7

A

Solutions are acidic

36
Q

7-14

A

Solutions are basic

37
Q

7

A

Solutions are neutral

38
Q

Acids

A

Corrosive substance is characterized by strong smell sour taste in a pH of less than seven

39
Q

Bases

A

Corrosive substance is characterized by a bitter taste slippery feeling and a ph of greater than seven

chapter 2: atoms and molecules (1 decks)

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